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SVO16 - The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey. XIV. Physical Properties of Massive Starless and Star-forming Clumps

Short title: Svoboda et al. (2016)
Authors: Svoboda, Brian E.Shirley, Yancy L.Battersby, CaraRosolowsky, Erik W.Ginsburg, Adam G.Ellsworth-Bowers, Timothy P.Pestalozzi, Michele R.Dunham, Miranda K.Evans, Neal J., IIBally, JohnGlenn, Jason
Journal: The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 822, Issue 2, article id. 59, 32 pp. (2016).
Bibcode:
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Target type: Bolocam
Observations category: SF.general
Facility type: single-dish
Transitions: H2O_22

Abstract
We sort 4683 molecular clouds between 10° < ℓ < 65° from the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey based on observational diagnostics of star formation activity: compact 70 μm sources, mid-IR color-selected YSOs, H2O and CH3OH masers, and UCH II regions. We also present a combined NH3-derived gas kinetic temperature and H2O maser catalog for 1788 clumps from our own GBT 100 m observations and from the literature. We identify a subsample of 2223 (47.5%) starless clump candidates (SCCs), the largest and most robust sample identified from a blind survey to date. Distributions of flux density, flux concentration, solid angle, kinetic temperature, column density, radius, and mass show strong (>1 dex) progressions when sorted by star formation indicator. The median SCC is marginally subvirial (α ~ 0.7) with >75% of clumps with known distance being gravitationally bound (α < 2). These samples show a statistically significant increase in the median clump mass of ΔM ~ 170-370 M_sun from the starless candidates to clumps associated with protostars. This trend could be due to (I) mass growth of the clumps at M~200-440 M⊙ Myr-1 for an average freefall 0.8 Myr timescale, (II) a systematic factor of two increase in dust opacity from starless to protostellar phases, and/or (III) a variation in the ratio of starless to protostellar clump lifetime that scales as ~M -0.4. By comparing to the observed number of CH3OH maser containing clumps, we estimate the phase lifetime of massive (M > 103 M_sun) starless clumps to be 0.37 ± 0.08 Myr (M/103 M_sun)-1 the majority (M < 450 M_sun) have phase lifetimes longer than their average freefall time.

Abstract

We sort 4683 molecular clouds between 10° < ℓ < 65° from the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey based on observational diagnostics of star formation activity: compact 70 μm sources, mid-IR color-selected YSOs, H2O and CH3OH masers, and UCH II regions. We also present a combined NH3-derived gas kinetic temperature and H2O maser catalog for 1788 clumps from our own GBT 100 m observations and from the literature. We identify a subsample of 2223 (47.5%) starless clump candidates (SCCs), the largest and most robust sample identified from a blind survey to date. Distributions of flux density, flux concentration, solid angle, kinetic temperature, column density, radius, and mass show strong (>1 dex) progressions when sorted by star formation indicator. The median SCC is marginally subvirial (α ~ 0.7) with >75% of clumps with known distance being gravitationally bound (α < 2). These samples show a statistically significant increase in the median clump mass of ΔM ~ 170-370 M_sun from the starless candidates to clumps associated with protostars. This trend could be due to (I) mass growth of the clumps at M~200-440 M⊙ Myr-1 for an average freefall 0.8 Myr timescale, (II) a systematic factor of two increase in dust opacity from starless to protostellar phases, and/or (III) a variation in the ratio of starless to protostellar clump lifetime that scales as ~M -0.4. By comparing to the observed number of CH3OH maser containing clumps, we estimate the phase lifetime of massive (M > 103 M_sun) starless clumps to be 0.37 ± 0.08 Myr (M/103 M_sun)-1 the majority (M < 450 M_sun) have phase lifetimes longer than their average freefall time.

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Detection table from Svoboda et al. (2016)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	grpv	Source name	Line	V_peak	FWHM	F_peak	∫F dv	Telescope	V_step	RMS	Beam	Detection	Class	Dist. (parallax)
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)				H₂O	(km/s)	(km/s)	(Jy)	(Jy*km/s)		(km/s)	(Jy)	(arcsec)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	18 07 49.6	-20 01 43.2	10.2358	0.1137	G10.236+0.114	G10.2358+0.1137	2380	22 GHz;	50	5.6	1.47 (0.09)	3.335 (0.11)	GBT	0.32	0.090	30	+H₂O	SFR_MIXED
2	18 08 41.6	-20 07 40.6	10.2478	-0.1124	G10.248-0.112	G10.2484-0.1117	2381	22 GHz;	6.9	1.3	0.975 (0.085)	0.99 (0.065)	GBT	0.32	0.085	30	+H₂O	SFR
3	18 08 48.1	-20 05 055	10.2858	-0.1204	G10.323-0.147	G10.2856-0.1201	2386	22 GHz;	6	12.7	12.62 (0.085)	15.84 (0.13)	GBT	0.32	0.085	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
4	18 09 23.1	-20 08 08.7	10.3196	-0.2582	G10.320-0.259	G10.3205-0.2586	2392	22 GHz;	42.9	23.7	14.685 (0.1)	17.22 (0.13)	GBT	0.32	0.100	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
5	18 09 02.2	-20 05 08.7	10.3238	-0.1624	G10.323-0.147	G10.3226-0.1598	2394	22 GHz;	22.6	20.1	20 (0.09)	37.32 (0.18)	GBT	0.32	0.090	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
6	18 09 00.6	-20 03 34.3	10.3437	-0.1442	G10.323-0.147	G10.3423-0.1423	2396	22 GHz;	9.5	32.6	7.675 (0.09)	52.51 (0.22)	GBT	0.32	0.090	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
7	18 09 21.5	-20 02 010	10.4038	-0.2045	G10.404-0.204	G10.4038-0.2045	2406	22 GHz;	13.3	1	2.2 (0.09)	1.495 (0.065)	GBT	0.32	0.090	30	+H₂O	SFR
8	18 08 45.1	-19 54 33.2	10.4457	-0.0183	G10.472+0.027	G10.4442-0.0182	2411	22 GHz;	71.1	5.6	30.305 (0.105)	47.615 (0.12)	GBT	0.32	0.105	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH -SiO	SFR
9	18 09 01.7	-19 48 014	10.5694	-0.0242	G10.569-0.024	G10.5694-0.0242	2415	22 GHz;	67.5	1.6	2.67 (0.09)	2.63 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.090	30	+H₂O	SFR
10	18 10 22.5	-19 56 31.8	10.6015	-0.3682	G10.623-0.384	G10.6014-0.3680	2418	22 GHz;	2.1	3.5	0.565 (0.09)	2.05 (0.125)	GBT	0.32	0.090	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED
11	18 09 08.5	-19 45 49.8	10.6174	-0.0281	G10.617-0.028	G10.6174-0.0281	2420	22 GHz;	66.2	1.6	0.72 (0.09)	0.825 (0.085)	GBT	0.32	0.090	30	+H₂O	SFR
12	18 10 18.7	-19 54 24.1	10.6254	-0.3380	G10.629-0.333	G10.6254-0.3380	2425	22 GHz;	-4.3	5.3	1.805 (0.1)	2.43 (0.12)	GBT	0.32	0.100	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
13	18 10 58.4	-19 59 07.2	10.6315	-0.5121	G10.632-0.512	G10.6316-0.5121	2426	22 GHz;	-67.9	25.3	142.035 (0.085)	756.96 (0.19)	GBT	0.32	0.085	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
14	18 09 16.4	-19 42 28.2	10.6814	-0.0281	G10.681-0.028	G10.6812-0.0281	2435	22 GHz;	50.8	1	1.12 (0.1)	1.18 (0.085)	GBT	0.32	0.100	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
15	18 10 29.9	-19 48 52.1	10.7273	-0.3319	G10.724-0.334	G10.7273-0.3319	2445	22 GHz;	13.1	1	1.065 (0.1)	0.78 (0.095)	GBT	0.32	0.100	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR
16	18 09 45.9	-19 42 03.5	10.7434	-0.1260	G10.743-0.126	G10.7434-0.1260	2449	22 GHz;	33.4	2.5	3.675 (0.09)	4.62 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.090	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
17	18 11 09.4	-19 36 27.2	10.9833	-0.3679	G10.991-0.369	G10.9833-0.3679	2487	22 GHz;	-0.7	1	2.955 (0.095)	1.94 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.095	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
18	18 10 06.8	-19 27 55.1	10.9893	-0.0839	G10.989-0.084	G10.9893-0.0839	2489	22 GHz;	27.1	1	1.08 (0.1)	0.915 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.100	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
19	18 09 39.9	-19 21 16.2	11.0352	0.0622	G11.034+0.062	G11.0339+0.0617	2500	22 GHz;	19.6	12.3	7.855 (0.105)	20.535 (0.16)	GBT	0.32	0.105	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
20	18 09 052	-19 17 21.5	11.1153	0.0520	G11.115+0.052	G11.1153+0.0520	2521	22 GHz;	18.4	12.3	4.485 (0.115)	9.345 (0.145)	GBT	0.32	0.115	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED
21	18 09 55.5	-19 15 37.1	11.1473	0.0540	G11.147+0.054	G11.1473+0.0540	2525	22 GHz;	-10.1	29.5	6.705 (0.11)	15.145 (0.25)	GBT	0.32	0.110	30	+H₂O	SFR
22	18 12 11.3	-18 41 22.8	11.9052	-0.1398	G11.904-0.141	G11.9040-0.1412	2590	22 GHz;	37.5	4.8	0.61 (0.11)	1.375 (0.12)	GBT	0.32	0.110	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
23	18 12 18.8	-18 39 53.4	11.9412	-0.1539	G11.936-0.150	G11.9421-0.1552	2592	22 GHz;	39.2	42.8	112.47 (0.115)	412.49 (0.22)	GBT	0.32	0.115	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
24	18 12 42.6	-18 42 50.3	11.9432	-0.2598	G11.943-0.260	G11.9433-0.2598	2594	22 GHz;	59.9	43	1.08 (0.115)	3.965 (0.155)	GBT	0.32	0.115	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
25	18 12 40.3	-18 24 20.8	12.2092	-0.1040	G12.209-0.107	G12.2092-0.1021	2624	22 GHz;	23.8	63.9	426.17 (0.125)	2443.67 (0.405)	GBT	0.32	0.125	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
26	18 12 36.1	-18 19 41.4	12.2694	-0.0521	G12.265-0.051	G12.2693-0.0519	2636	22 GHz;	58.8	16.5	8.145 (0.115)	15.665 (0.2)	GBT	0.32	0.115	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR
27	18 14 24.2	-18 24 32.1	12.4032	-0.4661	G12.402-0.466	G12.4020-0.4663	2653	22 GHz;	49	27	20.06 (0.14)	34.495 (0.185)	GBT	0.32	0.140	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
28	18 10 50.8	-17 55 41.4	12.4194	0.5058	G12.418+0.505	G12.4179+0.5047	2654	22 GHz;	2.2	8.9	0.715 (0.115)	1.035 (0.165)	GBT	0.32	0.115	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR
29	18 14 13.2	-18 20 31.5	12.4411	-0.3959	G12.441-0.396	G12.4411-0.3959	2660	22 GHz;	-54.1	2.5	1.57 (0.12)	1.345 (0.105)	GBT	0.32	0.120	30	+H₂O	SFR
30	18 13 41.4	-18 12 34.7	12.4972	-0.2221	G12.497-0.222	G12.4972-0.2220	2670	22 GHz;	50.5	2.3	4.115 (0.12)	4.54 (0.115)	GBT	0.32	0.120	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
31	18 13 36.1	-17 59 35.5	12.6772	-0.1000	G12.677-0.100	G12.6772-0.1000	2702	22 GHz;	76.5	2	4.14 (0.115)	4.19 (0.095)	GBT	0.32	0.115	30	+H₂O	SFR_MIXED
32	18 13 54.8	-18 01 44.3	12.6813	-0.1822	G12.681-0.182	G12.6806-0.1823	2703	22 GHz;	59.7	19.7	624.03 (0.12)	1269.93 (0.24)	GBT	0.32	0.120	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
33	18 14 07.1	-18 00 36.4	12.7211	-0.2160	G12.721-0.216	G12.7211-0.2160	2715	22 GHz;	31.5	17.8	9.355 (0.085)	9.425 (0.1)	GBT	0.32	0.085	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II -OH -SiO	SFR_MIXED
34	18 12 11.7	-17 42 02.6	12.7733	0.3340	G12.773+0.334	G12.7740+0.3340	2727	22 GHz;	18.9	1	2.795 (0.14)	1.975 (0.1)	GBT	0.32	0.140	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II -SiO	SFR
35	18 14 25.3	-17 53 56.3	12.8532	-0.2262	G12.853-0.226	G12.8532-0.2261	2760	22 GHz;	36	1.6	13.1 (0.135)	9.81 (0.11)	GBT	0.32	0.135	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
36	18 14 36.2	-17 55 00.3	12.8583	-0.2726	G12.860-0.272	G12.8601-0.2721	2763	22 GHz;	37.7	4.4	0.79 (0.035)	1.385 (0.045)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II	SFR_MIXED
37	18 11 51.3	-17 31 30.7	12.8882	0.4894	G12.889+0.490	G12.8887+0.4897	2769	22 GHz;	29.5	15.5	111.73 (0.035)	91.88 (0.1)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
38	18 14 35.8	-17 51 56.5	12.9024	-0.2469	G12.908-0.260	G12.9024-0.2469	2775	22 GHz;	34.9	3.6	0.42 (0.035)	0.68 (0.03)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
39	18 13 48.2	-17 45 34.4	12.9053	-0.0303	G12.904-0.031	G12.9044-0.0311	2776	22 GHz;	64.6	60.1	1.535 (0.145)	3.245 (0.19)	GBT	0.32	0.145	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR
40	18 14 39.1	-17 51 58.1	12.9082	-0.2586	G12.908-0.260	G12.9084-0.2602	2777	22 GHz;	36.6	15.5	27.005 (0.04)	40.8 (0.07)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
41	18 14 38.9	-17 48 28.1	12.9591	-0.2300	G12.959-0.230	G12.9591-0.2300	2791	22 GHz;	10.5	1.8	4.13 (0.16)	4.415 (0.22)	GBT	0.32	0.160	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
42	18 14 39.3	-17 41 00.5	13.0691	-0.1720	G13.069-0.172	G13.0691-0.1720	2815	22 GHz;	32.4	2.6	2.935 (0.155)	4.215 (0.135)	GBT	0.32	0.155	30	+H₂O	SFR
43	18 14 53.5	-17 40 09.9	13.1084	-0.2148	G13.109-0.216	G13.1087-0.2155	2824	22 GHz;	49.6	2.5	0.485 (0.04)	0.645 (0.035)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
44	18 14 29.7	-17 33 11.7	13.1653	-0.0763	G13.165-0.076	G13.1653-0.0763	2837	22 GHz;	24.3	1.3	0.93 (0.15)	1.2 (0.13)	GBT	0.32	0.150	30	+H₂O	SFR
45	18 14 01.3	-17 28 33.3	13.1793	0.0598	G13.179+0.060	G13.1789+0.0609	2838	22 GHz;	48.6	19.6	3.95 (0.17)	10.955 (0.315)	GBT	0.32	0.170	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR
46	18 15 028	-17 39 51.1	13.1783	-0.3327	G13.178-0.333	G13.1783-0.3327	2839	22 GHz;	-57.5	3	1.33 (0.035)	2.47 (0.035)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O	SFR
47	18 14 41.1	-17 29 12.5	13.2453	-0.0844	G13.245-0.084	G13.2452-0.0844	2851	22 GHz;	32.4	0.7	1.355 (0.18)	1.045 (0.125)	GBT	0.32	0.180	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
48	18 14 025	-17 17 25.4	13.3873	0.0657	G13.382+0.071	G13.3873+0.0657	2889	22 GHz;	15	3.1	0.355 (0.04)	0.47 (0.055)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR_MIXED
49	18 14 16.1	-17 14 50.1	13.4082	0.1174	G13.408+0.117	G13.4082+0.1174	2893	22 GHz;	26.8	3.5	1.28 (0.045)	1.845 (0.045)	GBT	0.32	0.045	30	+H₂O	SFR
50	18 15 52.8	-17 23 04.6	13.4711	-0.2861	G13.471-0.286	G13.4710-0.2862	2901	22 GHz;	20.4	6.7	9.375 (0.05)	12.525 (0.06)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
51	18 16 19.8	-17 05 02.4	13.7866	-0.2375	G13.787-0.238	G13.7866-0.2375	2914	22 GHz;	26.3	3.5	0.42 (0.045)	0.905 (0.045)	GBT	0.32	0.045	30	+H₂O	SFR
52	18 14 036	-16 45 36.5	13.8740	0.2806	G13.875+0.283	G13.8741+0.2827	2923	22 GHz;	-23.3	38.3	56.38 (0.055)	299.955 (0.145)	GBT	0.32	0.055	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II -OH	SFR_MIXED
53	18 15 45.9	-16 39 07.1	14.1022	0.0870	G14.101+0.087	G14.1014+0.0870	2960	22 GHz;	8.3	21.6	4.265 (0.04)	8.21 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
54	18 18 09.9	-16 57 23.7	14.1070	-0.5631	G14.107-0.563	G14.1069-0.5630	2961	22 GHz;	13.9	18.1	0.38 (0.04)	0.615 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
55	18 18 03.8	-16 54 51.6	14.1327	-0.5217	G14.133-0.521	G14.1328-0.5213	2963	22 GHz;	12.3	13.2	2.825 (0.045)	5.985 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.045	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
56	18 16 22.9	-16 40 37.9	14.1503	-0.0549	G14.166-0.060	G14.1503-0.0549	2966	22 GHz;	35.3	1.3	0.21 (0.035)	0.26 (0.03)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O +OH +SiO	EVOLVED
57	18 16 58.6	-16 42 14.1	14.1945	-0.1929	G14.195-0.193	G14.1945-0.1929	2973	22 GHz;	29.1	20.1	23.455 (0.04)	46.845 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
58	18 17 11.9	-16 35 54.3	14.3126	-0.1896	G14.313-0.190	G14.3126-0.1896	2985	22 GHz;	5.6	3.8	0.475 (0.04)	0.805 (0.045)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O	SFR
59	18 17 20.5	-16 29 47.6	14.4185	-0.1714	G14.417-0.172	G14.4175-0.1720	2995	22 GHz;	42.6	0.5	0.45 (0.045)	0.165 (0.04)	GBT	0.32	0.045	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
60	18 17 022	-16 24 57.4	14.4923	-0.1384	G14.492-0.138	G14.4924-0.1384	3011	22 GHz;	36	0.5	0.28 (0.04)	0.16 (0.025)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
61	18 19 15.4	-16 30 01.4	14.6326	-0.5775	G14.631-0.577	G14.6314-0.5772	3035	22 GHz;	19.7	23.5	3.92 (0.04)	10.83 (0.105)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR
62	18 16 00.7	-16 04 45.7	14.6338	0.3077	G14.632+0.304	G14.6338+0.3076	3036	22 GHz;	-5.3	21.1	3.59 (0.04)	5.28 (0.08)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
63	18 14 51.1	-15 54 57.8	14.6445	0.6306	G14.644+0.631	G14.6440+0.6312	3039	22 GHz;	39.5	0.3	0.225 (0.045)	0.115 (0.025)	GBT	0.32	0.045	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
64	18 17 35.2	-16 16 018	14.6444	-0.1164	G14.644-0.116	G14.6444-0.1164	3041	22 GHz;	47.1	2.5	1.96 (0.04)	2.535 (0.04)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
65	18 17 11.3	-16 12 31.9	14.6543	-0.0025	G14.654-0.002	G14.6542-0.0023	3042	22 GHz;	45.1	1.8	0.315 (0.04)	0.385 (0.035)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
66	18 18 42.3	-16 16 29.8	14.7686	-0.3543	G14.770-0.355	G14.7686-0.3544	3059	22 GHz;	32.8	13.3	7.725 (0.035)	14.74 (0.06)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
67	18 21 12.5	-16 30 17.5	14.8493	-0.9922	G14.852-0.990	G14.8522-0.9900	3074	22 GHz;	22.1	16.6	81.69 (0.04)	152.41 (0.07)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
68	18 19 07.4	-16 11 034	14.8885	-0.4039	G14.891-0.404	G14.8911-0.4035	3080	22 GHz;	58.9	1.3	0.35 (0.04)	0.515 (0.05)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
69	18 17 27.1	-15 56 35.5	14.9181	0.0680	G14.921+0.070	G14.9181+0.0679	3088	22 GHz;	8.6	55.5	0.79 (0.035)	3.36 (0.085)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
70	18 17 40.3	-15 56 13.3	14.9486	0.0243	G14.949+0.024	G14.9486+0.0243	3092	22 GHz;	22.2	1.6	0.835 (0.04)	0.955 (0.035)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O	SFR
71	18 18 17.2	-15 58 17.3	14.9884	-0.1222	G14.991-0.121	G14.9908-0.1214	3098	22 GHz;	50.4	0.3	0.28 (0.04)	0.165 (0.03)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR_MIXED
72	18 20 22.1	-16 12 35.7	15.0145	-0.6755	G15.034-0.677	G15.0129-0.6737	3103	22 GHz;	20.6	8.7	3.97 (0.045)	6.305 (0.07)	GBT	0.32	0.045	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH
73	18 14 48.4	-15 28 020	15.0294	0.8520	G15.029+0.852	G15.0294+0.8520	3106	22 GHz;	50.7	1.8	1.18 (0.04)	1.315 (0.04)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II	SFR_MIXED
74	18 20 32.8	-16 01 42.5	15.1948	-0.6278	G15.195-0.627	G15.1948-0.6278	3133	22 GHz;	20.8	1.3	1.22 (0.05)	1.22 (0.06)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -SiO	SFR_MIXED
75	18 18 46.2	-15 30 02.1	15.4582	-0.0017	G15.458-0.002	G15.4582-0.0017	3150	22 GHz;	45.4	16.3	0.4 (0.05)	0.955 (0.1)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O	SFR
76	18 20 23.6	-15 37 033	15.5325	-0.4054	G15.532-0.405	G15.5325-0.4054	3152	22 GHz;	30.3	4.1	1.08 (0.05)	2.12 (0.07)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
77	18 20 39.2	-15 37 055	15.5566	-0.4635	G15.557-0.464	G15.5566-0.4635	3153	22 GHz;	16	50.9	7.77 (0.05)	16.5 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED
78	18 20 59.8	-15 33 12.9	15.6647	-0.4995	G15.665-0.499	G15.6653-0.4990	3154	22 GHz;	-3.3	10.4	5.865 (0.05)	14.915 (0.07)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
79	18 20 57.1	-14 49 30.2	16.3022	-0.1468	G16.302-0.147	G16.3023-0.1468	3160	22 GHz;	47.8	6.4	0.265 (0.055)	0.87 (0.09)	GBT	0.32	0.055	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
80	18 21 17.9	-14 47 58.2	16.3642	-0.2087	G16.364-0.208	G16.3642-0.2087	3164	22 GHz;	42.1	2.5	1.59 (0.05)	1.825 (0.055)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -SiO	SFR
81	18 22 05.1	-14 48 44.5	16.4423	-0.3826	G16.447-0.390	G16.4423-0.3826	3168	22 GHz;	-12	3.6	0.94 (0.05)	1.335 (0.055)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
82	18 21 23.3	-14 43 29.6	16.4403	-0.1928	G16.436-0.196	G16.4403-0.1928	3169	22 GHz;	16.4	11	0.33 (0.05)	0.61 (0.075)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O	SFR
83	18 21 09.2	-14 31 45.5	16.5861	-0.0506	G16.585-0.051	G16.5852-0.0507	3171	22 GHz;	57.7	24.7	23.885 (0.05)	86.46 (0.115)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
84	18 21 52.5	-14 35 041	16.6105	-0.2354	G16.610-0.236	G16.6097-0.2365	3172	22 GHz;	34.6	8.6	0.265 (0.04)	0.535 (0.06)	GBT	0.32	0.040	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II	SFR
85	18 22 041	-14 27 32.3	16.8223	-0.3444	G16.822-0.347	G16.8224-0.3470	3177	22 GHz;	56.7	0.3	0.515 (0.05)	0.24 (0.045)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
86	18 21 09.4	-14 15 03.9	16.8320	0.0797	G16.831+0.079	G16.8311+0.0786	3178	22 GHz;	84.5	52.7	1.39 (0.21)	7.94 (0.605)	GBT	0.32	0.210	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
87	18 22 05.3	-14 08 48.3	17.0302	-0.0705	G17.030-0.070	G17.0297-0.0705	3194	22 GHz;	91.1	7.9	1.095 (0.03)	1.81 (0.04)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED
88	18 22 036	-13 34 18.8	17.5961	0.0899	G17.595+0.089	G17.5960+0.0901	3210	22 GHz;	10.9	10.7	0.61 (0.03)	1.04 (0.035)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II	SFR
89	18 25 05.6	-13 18 24.8	18.1142	-0.3217	G18.114-0.322	G18.1141-0.3217	3225	22 GHz;	73.3	15	2.415 (0.03)	3.365 (0.055)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
90	18 25 24.7	-13 19 06.4	18.1401	-0.3955	G18.140-0.396	G18.1401-0.3955	3226	22 GHz;	60.3	2.6	0.31 (0.03)	0.305 (0.03)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O	SFR
91	18 25 07.3	-13 14 33.5	18.1742	-0.2977	G18.174-0.298	G18.1742-0.2977	3228	22 GHz;	-2.4	45.9	20.39 (0.035)	39.645 (0.065)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
92	18 25 05.8	-13 08 32.3	18.2600	-0.2455	G18.262-0.244	G18.2621-0.2439	3234	22 GHz;	35.6	2.3	1.265 (0.03)	1.625 (0.03)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
93	18 25 11.4	-13 08 01.9	18.2781	-0.2616	G18.278-0.262	G18.2781-0.2616	3236	22 GHz;	46.1	24.2	0.915 (0.03)	1.89 (0.05)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
94	18 25 048	-13 06 19.4	18.3727	-0.3797	G18.371-0.382	G18.3709-0.3822	3241	22 GHz;	46.6	0.8	0.395 (0.045)	0.33 (0.035)	GBT	0.32	0.045	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
95	18 24 35.9	-12 50 59.1	18.4619	-0.0014	G18.461-0.004	G18.4606-0.0042	3246	22 GHz;	55	6.9	0.51 (0.03)	0.615 (0.04)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
96	18 24 37.6	-12 45 05.4	18.5520	0.0384	G18.551+0.035	G18.5507+0.0352	3258	22 GHz;	38.2	10.5	2.88 (0.03)	6.775 (0.05)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +OH	SFR
97	18 25 08.4	-12 45 15.5	18.6080	-0.0735	G18.606-0.075	G18.6064-0.0749	3266	22 GHz;	45.8	0.8	0.705 (0.03)	0.48 (0.025)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I	SFR
98	18 24 052	-12 39 12.6	18.6660	0.0325	G18.666+0.033	G18.6619+0.0345	3272	22 GHz;	30.6	83.1	1.665 (0.03)	6.02 (0.065)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
99	18 25 04	-12 37 46.4	18.7100	0.0006	G18.711+0.001	G18.7105+0.0008	3279	22 GHz;	28.8	5.1	0.925 (0.03)	1.67 (0.03)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
100	18 25 56.4	-12 42 36.9	18.7381	-0.2255	G18.734-0.224	G18.7341-0.2242	3280	22 GHz;	33.7	24.5	39.57 (0.035)	144.915 (0.08)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
101	18 27 08	-12 41 38.3	18.8881	-0.4754	G18.888-0.475	G18.8884-0.4747	3303	22 GHz;	71.5	13.2	2.035 (0.03)	4.81 (0.045)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
102	18 25 15.1	-12 26 59.4	18.8900	0.0446	G18.874+0.053	G18.8900+0.0446	3305	22 GHz;	53	1.5	0.32 (0.035)	0.345 (0.03)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR
103	18 25 09.7	-12 18 25.6	19.0059	0.1307	G19.004+0.130	G19.0044+0.1298	3331	22 GHz;	68.6	1.6	0.43 (0.03)	0.465 (0.025)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
104	18 24 038	-12 07 40.7	19.1039	0.3286	G19.104+0.329	G19.1039+0.3286	3352	22 GHz;	23.2	26.5	1.035 (0.03)	2.285 (0.05)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O	SFR
105	18 25 08.4	-12 01 33.9	19.2519	0.2667	G19.249+0.267	G19.2491+0.2670	3371	22 GHz;	10.5	8.9	0.665 (0.035)	0.985 (0.05)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR_MIXED
106	18 26 50.6	-12 13 38.5	19.2681	-0.1954	G19.268-0.195	G19.2681-0.1954	3373	22 GHz;	42	5.4	0.21 (0.03)	0.435 (0.04)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O	SFR
107	18 24 52.5	-11 58 25.1	19.2680	0.3485	G19.267+0.349	G19.2670+0.3485	3374	22 GHz;	30.9	17.4	3.09 (0.035)	6.495 (0.06)	GBT	0.32	0.035	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH II -OH	UNK
108	18 25 03.1	-11 59 07.2	19.2778	0.3049	G19.278+0.305	G19.2778+0.3049	3375	22 GHz;	35.7	10.9	0.32 (0.03)	1.36 (0.05)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II	SFR
109	18 25 52.5	-12 04 48.4	19.2880	0.0826	G19.288+0.083	G19.2881+0.0826	3378	22 GHz;	28.3	4.6	3.94 (0.03)	5.07 (0.04)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I	SFR
110	18 27 35.2	-12 16 37.9	19.3085	-0.3794	G19.316-0.388	G19.3085-0.3794	3380	22 GHz;	45.2	7.9	3.81 (0.045)	8.475 (0.055)	GBT	0.32	0.045	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH II	SFR
111	18 25 58.9	-12 04 08.6	19.3100	0.0647	G19.310+0.065	G19.3099+0.0646	3381	22 GHz;	29.6	9.4	0.565 (0.03)	0.67 (0.045)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II	SFR
112	18 26 25.9	-12 03 57.7	19.3639	-0.0312	G19.365-0.030	G19.3647-0.0302	3386	22 GHz;	28.8	38.5	0.775 (0.03)	1.01 (0.04)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
113	18 27 02.4	-12 06 04.8	19.4020	-0.1793	G19.402-0.179	G19.4020-0.1793	3390	22 GHz;	54.9	10.7	2.44 (0.03)	6.305 (0.045)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O	SFR
114	18 25 54.7	-11 52 28.3	19.4740	0.1706	G19.485+0.151	G19.4726+0.1699	3394	22 GHz;	2.8	146.7	5.88 (0.03)	39.085 (0.01)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
115	18 26 20.1	-11 52 046	19.5180	0.0767	G19.518+0.077	G19.5180+0.0767	3405	22 GHz;	124.9	1.5	0.82 (0.025)	0.7 (0.025)	GBT	0.32	0.025	30	+H₂O	SFR
116	18 27 17.3	-11 53 45.3	19.6121	-0.1374	G19.612-0.134	G19.6122-0.1337	3413	22 GHz;	45.4	7.2	0.79 (0.03)	1.91 (0.04)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
117	18 26 29.4	-11 43 47.8	19.6679	0.1128	G19.667+0.114	G19.6668+0.1142	3419	22 GHz;	13.1	0.8	0.155 (0.03)	0.13 (0.02)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR_MIXED
118	18 27 23.7	-11 49 42.5	19.6839	-0.1291	G19.680-0.133	G19.6839-0.1291	3420	22 GHz;	55.3	1.6	0.205 (0.03)	0.19 (0.03)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O -CH₃OH II	SFR_MIXED
119	18 27 54.9	-11 52 29.5	19.7020	-0.2633	G19.701-0.267	G19.7005-0.2668	3422	22 GHz;	38.5	7.4	4.475 (0.025)	9.425 (0.035)	GBT	0.32	0.025	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II -OH	SFR
120	18 28 42.4	-11 50 27.9	19.8219	-0.4191	G19.822-0.419	G19.8219-0.4191	3436	22 GHz;	67.8	1.5	0.27 (0.03)	0.28 (0.03)	GBT	0.32	0.030	30	+H₂O	SFR
121	18 29 14.4	-11 50 19.3	19.8846	-0.5336	G19.884-0.535	G19.8838-0.5348	3439	22 GHz;	38.1	54.5	29.575 (0.045)	125.58 (0.18)	GBT	0.32	0.045	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED
122	18 28 19.2	-11 40 024	19.9265	-0.2574	G19.926-0.257	G19.9260-0.2572	3445	22 GHz;	52.2	1.2	0.4 (0.05)	0.47 (0.045)	GBT	0.32	0.050	30	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II	SFR
123	18 26 55.2	-11 21 13.5	20.0499	0.1949	G20.050+0.195

Display data from paper

SVO16 - The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey. XIV. Physical Properties of Massive Starless and Star-forming Clumps

View as list of objects

Detection table from Svoboda et al. (2016)