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VAL99 - Detection of new sources of methanol emission at 107 and 108GHz with the Mopra telescope

Short title: Valtts et al. (1999)
Authors: Valtts, I. E.Ellingsen, S. P.Slysh, V. I.Kalenskii, S. V.Otrupcek, R.Voronkov, M. A.
Journal: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 310, Issue 4, pp. 1077-1086.
Bibcode:

Target type: Known_Class_II
Transitions: CH3OH_107(II),CH3OH_108(II)

Abstract
A southern hemisphere survey of methanol emission sources in two millimetre-wave transitions has been carried out using the ATNF Mopra millimetre telescope. 16 emission sources have been detected in the 3₁-4₀A⁺ transition of methanol at 107GHz, including six new sources exhibiting class II methanol maser emission features. Combining these results with the similar northern hemisphere survey, a total of eleven 107-GHz methanol masers have been detected. A survey of the methanol emission in the 0₀-1_-1 E transition at 108GHz has resulted in the detection of 16 sources one of them showing maser characteristics. This is the first methanol maser detected at 108GHz, presumably of class II. The results of large velocity gradient statistical equilibrium calculations confirm the classification of these new sources as class II methanol masers.

Abstract

A southern hemisphere survey of methanol emission sources in two millimetre-wave transitions has been carried out using the ATNF Mopra millimetre telescope. 16 emission sources have been detected in the 3₁-4₀A⁺ transition of methanol at 107GHz, including six new sources exhibiting class II methanol maser emission features. Combining these results with the similar northern hemisphere survey, a total of eleven 107-GHz methanol masers have been detected. A survey of the methanol emission in the 0₀-1_-1 E transition at 108GHz has resulted in the detection of 16 sources one of them showing maser characteristics. This is the first methanol maser detected at 108GHz, presumably of class II. The results of large velocity gradient statistical equilibrium calculations confirm the classification of these new sources as class II methanol masers.

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Detection table from Valtts et al. (1999)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	Source name	Image	Descr.	Line	V_peak	FWHM	F_peak	Telescope	Beam	Detection	Type	Dist. (parallax)	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)					CH₃OH (class II)	(km/s)	(km/s)	(Jy)		(arcsec)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	05 35 12.2	-05 24 6.4	209.0138	-19.4051	G209.015-19.405	Orion S6	Image		107 GHz (II)	6.5 (0.1)	3.9(0.3)	8.9 (0.6)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
2	05 35 14.5	-05 22 29.6	208.9928	-19.3847	G208.993-19.385	Orion KL	Image		107 GHz (II)	7.4 (0.1)	1.7(0.4)	29.3 (7.3)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH +SiO	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
	05 35 14.5	-05 22 29.6	208.9928	-19.3847	G208.993-19.385	Orion KL			107 GHz (II)	7.6 (0.2)	5.2(0.5)	40.0 (5.5)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH +SiO	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
4	06 08 54.2	+21 38 36.6	188.9460	0.8900	G188.946+0.887	S252	Image		107 GHz (II)	10.3 (0.1)	0.8(0.1)	7.2 (1.0)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
5	13 11 13.7	-62 34 41.5	305.2082	0.2061	G305.208+0.206	305.208+0.206	Image		107 GHz (II)	40.4 (0.3)	2.5(0.7)	3.7 (0.4)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
6	13 51 54.2	-61 16 19	310.1333	0.7515	G310.144+0.760	IRAS 13484-6100	Image		107 GHz (II)	55.8 (0.1)	2.1(0.3)	4.4 (0.5)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
7	15 31 45.6	-56 30 50.5	323.7404	-0.2629	G323.740-0.263	323.74-0.26	Image		107 GHz (II)	53.2 (0.2)	1.6(0.3)	4.7 (0.7)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
	15 31 45.6	-56 30 50.5	323.7404	-0.2629	G323.740-0.263	323.74-0.26			107 GHz (II)	50.8 (0.1)	2.4(0.1)	14.5 (0.5)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
9	15 55 48.7	-52 43 6.4	328.8089	0.6326	G328.809+0.633	328.81+0.63	Image	Descr	107 GHz (II)	44.1 (0.1)	0.6(0.1)	10.6 (1.4)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
	15 55 48.7	-52 43 6.4	328.8089	0.6326	G328.809+0.633	328.81+0.63			107 GHz (II)	42.1 (0.1)	6.0(0.2)	13.1 (0.5)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
11	16 38 49.7	-47 27 59.4	337.4031	-0.4000	G337.404-0.402	337.403-0.400	Image		107 GHz (II)	40.8 (0.1)	4.4(0.2)	10.9 (0.5)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
12	16 52 4.8	-46 08 34.4	339.8843	-1.2592	G339.884-1.259	339.88-1.26	Image	Descr	107 GHz (II)	38.8 (0.1)	0.8(0.1)	58.7 (4.3)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
	16 52 4.8	-46 08 34.4	339.8843	-1.2592	G339.884-1.259	339.88-1.26			107 GHz (II)	37.6 (0.1)	1.5(0.1)	49.6 (1.5)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
	16 52 4.8	-46 08 34.4	339.8843	-1.2592	G339.884-1.259	339.88-1.26			107 GHz (II)	36.1 (0.1)	0.4(0.1)	29.3 (5.5)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
	16 52 4.8	-46 08 34.4	339.8843	-1.2592	G339.884-1.259	339.88-1.26			107 GHz (II)	35.3 (0.1)	1.0(0.4)	19.1 (2.9)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
	16 52 4.8	-46 08 34.4	339.8843	-1.2592	G339.884-1.259	339.88-1.26			107 GHz (II)	34.2 (0.1)	1.1(0.1)	67.8 (2.4)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
17	16 56 47.7	-40 14 26.3	345.0096	1.7920	G345.010+1.792	345.01 + 1.79	Image		107 GHz (II)	22.3 (0.1)	1.1(0.1)	84.5 (2.4)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
18	17 20 53.5	-35 47 1.7	351.4171	0.6447	G351.417+0.645	NGC 6334F	Image		107 GHz (II)	10.6 (0.1)	2.5(0.4)	18.4 (3.3)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
	17 20 53.5	-35 47 1.7	351.4171	0.6447	G351.417+0.645	NGC 6334F			107 GHz (II)	7.7 (0.4)	3.5(0.6)	12.2 (1.7)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
20	17 26 42.7	-36 09 17.9	351.7748	-0.5369	G351.775-0.537	351.78-0.54	Image		107 GHz (II)	3.1 (0.2)	8.1(0.6)	5.4 (0.3)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
21	17 45 38.2	-29 05 45.5	359.8654	-0.0863	G359.8654-0.0863	Sgr A-G	Image		107 GHz (II)	19.5 (0.1)	0.4(0.2)	9.6 (1.7)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
22	17 47 20.5	-28 23 19.2	0.6640	-0.0383	G0.6666-0.0344	Sgr B2	Image		107 GHz (II)	57.5 (0.7)	19.0(1.5)	16.6 (1.1)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH +SiO	SFR		1997 July 1-17
23	18 06 14.8	-20 31 31.2	9.6216	0.1954	G9.621+0.195	9.62+0.20	Image	Descr	107 GHz (II)	1.0 (0.1)	1.0(0.1)	13.9 (1.1)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
	18 06 14.8	-20 31 31.2	9.6216	0.1954	G9.621+0.195	9.62+0.20			107 GHz (II)	1.2 (0.4)	6.4(0.8)	3.8 (0.4)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
25	19 01 45.5	+01 13 28.5	35.1992	-1.7370	G35.200-1.737	W48	Image	Descr	107 GHz (II)	41.1 (0.2)	1.7(0.4)	9.2 (1.3)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
	19 01 45.5	+01 13 28.5	35.1992	-1.7370	G35.200-1.737	W48			107 GHz (II)	44.3 (0.1)	2.0(0.2)	8.0 (1.8)	MOP	46	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
27	05 35 12.2	-05 24 6.4	209.0138	-19.4051	G209.015-19.405	Orion S6	Image		108 GHz (II)	6.5 (0.1)	4.1(0.3)	6.4 (0.5)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
28	05 35 14.5	-05 22 29.6	208.9928	-19.3847	G208.993-19.385	Orion KL	Image		108 GHz (II)	7.9 (0.1)	4.4(0.2)	19.4 (0.7)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH +SiO	MIXED		1997 July 1-17
29	13 11 13.8	-62 34 41.9	305.2084	0.2059	G305.208+0.206	305.21+0.21	Image		108 GHz (II)	41.1 (0.2)	6.8(0.5)	5.7 (0.5)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
30	15 00 55.5	-58 58 53.2	318.9480	-0.1964	G318.948-0.196	318.95-0.20	Image		108 GHz (II)	34.6 (0.2)	3.8(0.4)	5.9 (0.5)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
31	15 18 36	-56 38 23.5	322.1613	0.6347	G322.161+0.635	322.16+0.64	Image		108 GHz (II)	57.1 (0.1)	4.5(0.3)	12.7 (0.7)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
32	15 55 48.7	-52 43 6.4	328.8089	0.6326	G328.809+0.633	328.81+0.63	Image		108 GHz (II)	44.0 (0.7)	9.4(1.0)	7.4 (2.0)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
	15 55 48.7	-52 43 6.4	328.8089	0.6326	G328.809+0.633	328.81+0.63			108 GHz (II)	41.8 (0.2)	3.9(0.6)	11.4 (2.0)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
34	16 38 51.6	-47 28 2.2	337.4061	-0.4046	G337.404-0.402	337.41-0.40	Image		108 GHz (II)	40.8 (0.1)	4.9(0.3)	12.1 (0.6)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
35	16 56 47.7	-40 14 26.3	345.0096	1.7920	G345.010+1.792	345.01 + 1.79	Image		108 GHz (II)	22.1 (0.1)	1.3(0.2)	7.5 (1.2)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
	16 56 47.7	-40 14 26.3	345.0096	1.7920	G345.010+1.792	345.01 + 1.79			108 GHz (II)	13.9 (0.2)	4.6(0.4)	7.2 (0.6)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
37	17 04 23.7	-40 44 26.3	345.5052	0.3456	G345.505+0.348	345.50+0.35	Image		108 GHz (II)	18.0 (0.2)	2.7(0.4)	3.7 (0.5)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
38	17 05 9.5	-41 29 4.1	345.0008	-0.2197	G345.003-0.223	345.00-0.22	Image		108 GHz (II)	25.6 (0.4)	3.9(0.8)	2.8 (0.4)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
39	17 19 56.9	-35 57 45.5	351.1611	0.6994	G351.161+0.699	NGC 6334B	Image		108 GHz (II)	7.0 (0.1)	4.7(0.3)	11.9 (0.6)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
40	17 20 15.9	-35 54 58.2	351.2357	0.6736	G351.240+0.671	NGC 6334C	Image		108 GHz (II)	4.2 (0.2)	3.6(0.5)	3.9 (0.5)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
41	17 26 42.7	-36 09 17.8	351.7748	-0.5369	G351.775-0.537	351.77-0.54	Image		108 GHz (II)	3.2 (0.1)	7.7(0.3)	11.8 (0.5)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
42	18 06 14.8	-20 31 32.1	9.6213	0.1953	G9.621+0.195	9.62+0.20	Image		108 GHz (II)	4.1 (0.3)	2.3(0.6)	3.4 (0.5)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
43	18 14 39.1	-17 52 6.3	12.9062	-0.2597	G12.908-0.260	W33A	Image		108 GHz (II)	36.2 (0.2)	5.5(0.4)	6.4 (0.4)	MOP	45.5	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 July 1-17
44	19 23 42.8	+15 00 35.4	49.9284	-0.1470	G49.928-0.147	49.49-0.39	Image		108 GHz (II)	56.8 (0.2)	8.6(0.4)	8.9 (0.4)	MOP	45.5	+CH₃OH II	SFR		1997 July 1-17

Non-detection table from Valtts et al. (1999)