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OUY22 - An Excited-state OH Maser Survey toward WISE Point Sources

Short title: Ouyang et al. (2022)
Authors: Ouyang, Xu-JiaChen, XiShen, Zhi-QiangLi, BinWu, Ya-JunChen, Hong-YingLi, Xiao-QiongYang, KaiSong, Shi-MinQiao, Hai-Hua
Journal: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Volume 260, Issue 2, id.51, 20 pp.
Bibcode:
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Target type: High_mass_SFR
Transitions: OH_4765,OH_6030,OH_6031,OH_6035

Abstract
We report a survey of excited-state hydroxyl (ex-OH) masers at the 4.7 and 6.0 GHz transitions toward a sample consisting of 3348 massive star-forming region candidates selected from the all-sky Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer point-source catalog. The survey was conducted with the Shanghai Tianma Radio Telescope. In total, 6, 9, and 30 sources were detected with the ex-OH masers at the 4766, 6031, and 6035 MHz transitions, respectively. Among them, one 4766 MHz, one 6031 MHz, and five 6035 MHz ex-OH maser sources are newly identified. A series of statistical analyses derived that the ex-OH masers were detected efficiently toward the subsamples associated with both the 6.7 GHz CH₃OH maser and radio recombination lines (RRLs), whereas compared to the CH₃OH masers, the ex-OH masers are more likely to be produced toward the sources with stronger 22 Î¼m band emission. A significant luminosity correlation is found between the ex-OH masers and RRLs. In addition, we found that the magnetic field strength of most sources with the 6.7 GHz CH₃OH maser was stronger relative to that of sources without the CH₃OH maser. Combined with these, it demonstrates that the ex-OH maser is associated with more evolved star-forming regions, likely associated with thicker dust envelopes. Meanwhile, the ex-OH masers might be a potential tracer for measuring the Galactic magnetic field information on the large-scale views using their Zeeman pairs.

Abstract

We report a survey of excited-state hydroxyl (ex-OH) masers at the 4.7 and 6.0 GHz transitions toward a sample consisting of 3348 massive star-forming region candidates selected from the all-sky Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer point-source catalog. The survey was conducted with the Shanghai Tianma Radio Telescope. In total, 6, 9, and 30 sources were detected with the ex-OH masers at the 4766, 6031, and 6035 MHz transitions, respectively. Among them, one 4766 MHz, one 6031 MHz, and five 6035 MHz ex-OH maser sources are newly identified. A series of statistical analyses derived that the ex-OH masers were detected efficiently toward the subsamples associated with both the 6.7 GHz CH₃OH maser and radio recombination lines (RRLs), whereas compared to the CH₃OH masers, the ex-OH masers are more likely to be produced toward the sources with stronger 22 Î¼m band emission. A significant luminosity correlation is found between the ex-OH masers and RRLs. In addition, we found that the magnetic field strength of most sources with the 6.7 GHz CH₃OH maser was stronger relative to that of sources without the CH₃OH maser. Combined with these, it demonstrates that the ex-OH maser is associated with more evolved star-forming regions, likely associated with thicker dust envelopes. Meanwhile, the ex-OH masers might be a potential tracer for measuring the Galactic magnetic field information on the large-scale views using their Zeeman pairs.

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Detection table from Ouyang et al. (2022)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	Source name	Image	Descr.	Line	Frequency	V_range	V_peak	F_peak	∫F dv	Telescope	V_step	RMS	Beam	Detection	Class	Dist. (parallax)	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)					OH	(MHz)	(km/s)	(km/s)	(Jy)	(Jy*km/s)		(km/s)	(Jy)	(arcsec)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	18 27 39.9	-11 14 32.3	20.2336	0.0850	G20.237+0.065	G20.234+0.085	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	71;72.3	71.34	2.81	1.24	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
2	18 35 21	-07 48 54.1	24.1484	-0.0092	G24.149-0.009	G24.148-0.009	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	15.9;17.9	16.94	0.22	0.06	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
3	18 34 20.9	-05 59 42.5	25.6496	1.0494	G25.649+1.050	G25.649+1.049	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	37.9;40.1	39.38	1.13	0.68	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
4	18 38 3.2	-06 24 15.5	25.7094	0.0437	G25.709+0.044	G25.709+0.044	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	92.2;98.2	95.48	0.55	0.82	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
5	18 42 42.6	-04 15 35	28.1468	-0.0044	G28.147-0.004	G28.147-0.004	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	101;101.8	101.25	1.27	0.3	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
6	18 43 5.1	-04 16 14.2	28.1799	-0.0927	G28.180-0.093	G28.180-0.093	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	94;98	96.21	0.5	0.62	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
7	18 50 21.5	-02 17 27.5	30.7698	-0.8044	G30.770-0.804	G30.770-0.804	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	75.2;77.8	76.96	0.44	0.21	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	-H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
8	18 51 21.8	-00 12 05	32.7442	-0.0752	G32.744-0.076	G32.744-0.075	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	30.1;39.2	33.6	0.34	0.7	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
9	18 58 8.4	+01 37 22.8	35.1406	-0.7506	G35.132-0.746	G35.141-0.750	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	35.7;37.6	36.24	0.33	0.14	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
10	19 10 11	+09 05 18.1	43.1483	0.0130	G43.166+0.011	G43.148+0.013	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	11.2;12.2	11.82	0.74	0.13	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
11	19 10 11	+09 05 18.1	43.1483	0.0130	G43.166+0.011	G43.148+0.013	Image		6030 MHz;	6030	13;15	13.43	0.19	0.1	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
12	19 10 11	+09 05 18.1	43.1483	0.0130	G43.166+0.011	G43.148+0.013	Image		6035 MHz;	6035	8;8.6	11	2.89	3.48	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
13	19 13 27.2	+10 53 49	45.1242	0.1362	G45.122+0.133	G45.124+0.136	Image	Descr	6030 MHz;	6030	53;58	54.09	0.33	0.27	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
14	19 13 27.2	+10 53 49	45.1242	0.1362	G45.122+0.133	G45.124+0.136	Image		6035 MHz;	6035	52.5;56.3	53.9	2.27	2.19	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
15	19 14 21.1	+11 09 13.7	45.4540	0.0604	G45.466+0.053	G45.454+0.060	Image	Descr	6030 MHz;	6030	64.5;69	65.46	1.17	0.8	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
16	19 14 21.1	+11 09 13.7	45.4540	0.0604	G45.466+0.053	G45.454+0.060	Image		6035 MHz;	6035	63;69	66.4	7.35	6.14	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
17	19 22 26.2	+14 06 42.1	48.9909	-0.2988	G48.990-0.299	G48.991-0.299	Image	Descr	6030 MHz;	6030	67.8;71	68.2	0.35	0.28	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
18	19 22 26.2	+14 06 42.1	48.9909	-0.2988	G48.990-0.299	G48.991-0.299	Image		6035 MHz;	6035	66.2;70.6	67.29	1.66	1.53	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
19	19 23 45.7	+14 28 45.1	49.4664	-0.4083	G49.489-0.387	G49.466-0.408	Image	Descr	6030 MHz;	6030	51.9;53.2	52.43	0.84	0.37	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH -SiO	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
20	19 23 45.7	+14 28 45.1	49.4664	-0.4083	G49.489-0.387	G49.466-0.408	Image		6035 MHz;	6035	51.8;58.6	54.51	2.44	3.4	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH -SiO	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
21	20 10 09	+31 31 48.9	69.5430	-0.9733	G69.540-0.976	G69.543-0.973	Image	Descr	6030 MHz;	6030	13.4;15	14.18	1.87	0.8	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
22	20 10 09	+31 31 48.9	69.5430	-0.9733	G69.540-0.976	G69.543-0.973	Image		6035 MHz;	6035	-1;15.8	14.31	5.1	5.54	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
23	20 23 23.6	+37 35 34.3	76.0926	0.1577	G76.092+0.141	G76.093+0.158	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	3.2;4.7	4.1	0.63	0.15	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
24	20 36 52.2	+41 36 24.5	80.8646	0.4200	G80.865+0.420	G80.865+0.420	Image	Descr	6030 MHz;	6030	-11.9;-10	-10.96	1.38	0.46	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+CH₃OH II +OH			2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
25	20 36 52.2	+41 36 24.5	80.8646	0.4200	G80.865+0.420	G80.865+0.420	Image		6035 MHz;	6035	-12.2;-8.4	-9.83	4.23	2.47	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+CH₃OH II +OH			2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
26	20 39 02	+42 24 59.2	81.7523	0.5907	G81.762+0.596	G81.752+0.591	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	1.5;5.8	4.02	12.91	10.42	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
27	20 39 02	+42 24 59.2	81.7523	0.5907	G81.762+0.596	G81.752+0.591	Image		6035 MHz;	6035	-9.8;-2	-2.47	1.32	0.85	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
28	20 38 36.7	+42 37 30.5	81.8707	0.7793	G81.871+0.781	G81.871+0.779	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	7.8;9.5	8.78	1.29	1.3	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
29	20 38 36.7	+42 37 30.5	81.8707	0.7793	G81.871+0.781	G81.871+0.779	Image		6035 MHz;	6035	6;9.6	7.24	2.25	2.31	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
30	20 55 32.5	+44 06 10.2	84.9508	-0.6912	G84.951-0.691	G84.951-0.691	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	-36;-31	-35.29	0.91	0.3	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
31	20 54 17.2	+44 52 21	85.3943	-0.0236	G85.394-0.024	G85.394-0.024	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	-34;-26	-32.95	0.22	0.08	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
32	21 32 11.3	+55 53 39.6	97.5267	3.1835	G97.525+3.182	G97.527+3.184	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	-76;-71.8	-72.13	1.42	0.73	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
33	21 43 1.4	+54 56 19.7	98.0362	1.4464	G98.035+1.446	G98.036+1.446	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	-65.6;-61	-61.67	1.47	0.48	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
34	22 58 47.5	+58 45 1.8	108.7576	-0.9862	G108.758-0.986	G108.758-0.986	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	-56.3;-54.8	-45.52	0.26	0.17	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
35	23 13 33.1	+61 29 15.2	111.5261	0.8026	G111.525+0.803	G111.526+0.803	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	-61.6;-56	-58.12	3.49	2.86	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
36	23 13 33.1	+61 29 15.2	111.5261	0.8026	G111.525+0.803	G111.526+0.803	Image		6030 MHz;	6030	-60;-57	-58.74	0.15	0.13	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
37	23 13 43.9	+61 26 55.7	111.5317	0.7587	G111.542+0.766	G111.532+0.759	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	-60.3;-58.8	-59.62	1.21	0.67	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
38	03 27 28.6	+58 53 48.1	141.9183	1.9017	G141.918+1.902	G141.918+1.902	Image	Descr	6030 MHz;	6030	-9;-7	-7.57	0.25	0.19	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
39	03 27 28.6	+58 53 48.1	141.9183	1.9017	G141.918+1.902	G141.918+1.902	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	-9;-7	-8.14	0.73	0.48	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
40	04 49 46.7	+41 39 5.5	163.0778	-1.9265	G163.078-1.926	G163.078-1.926	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	-17;-12	-13.99	0.19	0.44	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	-CH₃OH II +OH	EVOLVED		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
41	05 51 11	+25 46 15.9	183.3485	-0.5754	G183.348-0.577	G183.349-0.575	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	-6.4;-5	-5.43	0.73	0.23	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
42	05 39 56	-07 30 27.7	211.5669	-19.2947	G211.567-19.294	G211.567-19.295	Image	Descr	6035 MHz;	6035	1.5;2.9	2.42	8.2	2	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan
43	06 07 46.8	-06 23 8.3	213.7059	-12.6023	G213.705-12.597	G213.706-12.602	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	10;12.2	10.73	0.53	0.46	TMRT	0.07	60.000	156	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		2015 Sep - 2018 Jan

Non-detection table from Ouyang et al. (2022)