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TAY93 - Water Masers in the Direction of the Galactic Center. I. Results From Initial Observations

Short title: Taylor et al. (1993)
Authors: Taylor, Gregory B.Morris, MarkSchulman, Eric
Journal: Astronomical Journal v.106, p.1978
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Target type: Galaxy_center,Blind
Observations category: SF.general
Facility type: interferometer

Abstract
We present preliminary results from a search for water masers in the inner 4 deg x 4 deg of the Galaxy using the Very Large Array (VLA). Of 97 IRAS-selected sources observed, we report the detection of 30 H2O masers (31%). Five of these sources had previously been detected as H2O masers, six are known OH/IR stars, and one is a known SiO maser. On the basis of their infrared colors, and their H2O spectra, we categorize 14 sources as in star forming regions, 13 sources as circumstellar masers, and 3 as unknown. Seven H2O masers have been found with LSR velocities exceeding 30 km/s, indicating that they are located in the Galactic Center region. The fact remains that relatively few H2O masers have been found in the inner few hundred parsecs of the Galaxy in spite of the large concentration of molecular gas in this region.

Abstract

We present preliminary results from a search for water masers in the inner 4 deg x 4 deg of the Galaxy using the Very Large Array (VLA). Of 97 IRAS-selected sources observed, we report the detection of 30 H2O masers (31%). Five of these sources had previously been detected as H2O masers, six are known OH/IR stars, and one is a known SiO maser. On the basis of their infrared colors, and their H2O spectra, we categorize 14 sources as in star forming regions, 13 sources as circumstellar masers, and 3 as unknown. Seven H2O masers have been found with LSR velocities exceeding 30 km/s, indicating that they are located in the Galactic Center region. The fact remains that relatively few H2O masers have been found in the inner few hundred parsecs of the Galaxy in spite of the large concentration of molecular gas in this region.

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Detection table from Taylor et al. (1993)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	grpv	Source name	Image	Descr.	Line	V_range	V_peak	F_peak	∫F dv	Telescope	Configuration	RMS	Beam	Detection	Class	Dist. (parallax)	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)						H₂O	(km/s)	(km/s)	(Jy)	(Jy*km/s)			(Jy/beam)	(arcsec)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	17 36 2.4	-30 12 46.7	357.8135	1.0899	G357.813+1.090	G357.8131+1.0899	358.162+0.490			22 GHz;	-8.4;-3.1	-3.1	1.24 (0.07)	11.52 (0.47)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
2	17 36 10	-28 06 58.4	359.5960	2.1956	G359.596+2.196	G359.5960+2.1956	359.946+1.593			22 GHz;	-11.2;-11.2	-11.2	0.38 (0.04)	0.99 (0.10)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	UNK		1990 January 7
3	17 36 54.5	-30 00 28.7	358.0872	1.0421	G358.087+1.042	G358.0872+1.0421	358.436+0.442			22 GHz;	-3.1;23.2	2.1	3.51 (0.18)	40.57 (1.35)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
4	17 37 41.3	-30 21 5.8	357.8877	0.7154	G357.888+0.715	G357.8877+0.7154	358.236+0.116		Descr	22 GHz;	-29.5;2.1	-8.4	15.02 (0.86)	280.69 (7.80)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O			1990 January 7
5	17 37 57.6	-30 19 23	357.9433	0.6811	G357.943+0.681	G357.9433+0.6811	358.291+0.081	Image	Descr	22 GHz;	-18.9;7.4	2.1	5.03 (0.29)	76.25 (2.26)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
6	17 38 06	-30 15 43	358.0110	0.6885	G358.011+0.688	G358.0110+0.6885	358.359+0.088			22 GHz;	-13.7;2.1	-8.4	1.99 (0.12)	22.18 (0.89)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	SFR_MIXED		1990 January 7
7	17 38 6.9	-30 43 37.5	357.6197	0.4368	G357.618+0.436	G357.6184+0.4365	357.967-0.163	Image	Descr	22 GHz;	-82.1;91.7	12.7	11.17 (0.62)	395.18 (6.05)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O			1990 January 7
8	17 38 6.7	-30 43 46.9	357.6171	0.4361	G357.618+0.436	G357.6184+0.4365	357.965-0.163			22 GHz;	-13.7;-3.1	-3.1	2.58 (0.19)	20.40 (1.10)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O			1990 January 7
9	17 38 14.8	-26 31 57.3	1.1823	2.6535	G1.182+2.654	G1.1823+2.6535	1.532+2.050			22 GHz;	33.6;36.3	33.6	0.34 (0.03)	1.38 (0.12)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
10	17 39 6.5	-30 04 26.3	358.2863	0.6045	G358.286+0.605	G358.2863+0.6045	358.634+0.004			22 GHz;	-18.9;-13.7	-13.7	0.17 (0.03)	1.67 (0.22)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
11	17 39 11.9	-29 52 13.4	358.4690	0.6966	G358.469+0.697	G358.4690+0.6966	358.817+0.096			22 GHz;	-8.4;-8.4	-8.4	0.13 (0.03)	0.69 (0.14)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
12	17 39 17.7	-30 20 43.1	358.0783	0.4256	G358.078+0.426	G358.0783+0.4256	358.426-0.174		Descr	22 GHz;	-18.9;17.9	17.9	0.77 (0.06)	7.86 (0.45)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
13	17 39 22.6	-30 04 19.3	358.3191	0.5562	G358.319+0.556	G358.3191+0.5562	358.667-0.044		Descr	22 GHz;	-29.5;2.1	-13.7	8.50 (0.47)	155.53 (4.01)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
14	17 39 48	-29 48 40.5	358.5887	0.6173	G358.596+0.614	G358.5887+0.6173	358.936+0.017			22 GHz;	-18.9;-13.7	-18.9	0.10 (0.03)	0.88 (0.20)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
15	17 39 51.4	-29 48 9.8	358.6024	0.6115	G358.596+0.614	G358.6024+0.6115	358.950+0.011			22 GHz;	-124.3;-119	-124.3	0.14 (0.03)	1.43 (0.21)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
16	17 40 0.9	-29 27 29.9	358.9124	0.7655	G358.912+0.766	G358.9124+0.7655	359.260+0.164			22 GHz;	54.8;60.1	54.8	1.20 (0.07)	7.98 (0.40)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
17	17 40 14	-29 37 57.5	358.7898	0.6328	G358.790+0.633	G358.7898+0.6328	359.138+0.032	Image	Descr	22 GHz;	-155.9;60.1	-3.1	59.59 (3.23)	878.49 (21.7)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O			1990 January 7
18	17 40 24.7	-30 32 32	358.0394	0.1172	G358.047+0.121	G358.0394+0.1172	358.386-0.483		Descr	22 GHz;	-8.4;7.4	-3.1	2.21 (0.13)	17.18 (0.75)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O +OH	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
19	17 40 23.8	-28 23 3.4	359.8671	1.2649	G359.867+1.265	G359.8671+1.2649	0.215+0.662			22 GHz;	70.6;70.6	70.6	0.13 (0.03)	0.68 (0.15)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
20	17 40 31	-29 38 56.2	358.8087	0.5719	G358.809+0.572	G358.8087+0.5719	359.156-0.029			22 GHz;	-8.4;2.1	-3.1	0.29 (0.03)	2.83 (0.28)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
21	17 40 42.5	-29 35 21.6	358.8814	0.5681	G358.881+0.568	G358.8814+0.5681	359.229-0.033			22 GHz;	-3.1;-3.1	-3.1	0.09 (0.03)	0.45 (0.14)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
22	17 41 8.4	-29 27 6.2	359.0479	0.5613	G359.048+0.561	G359.0479+0.5613	359.396-0.040			22 GHz;	-61.1;-55.8	-55.8	0.21 (0.04)	1.90 (0.28)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
23	17 41 26.8	-29 27 57.8	359.0709	0.4972	G359.071+0.497	G359.0709+0.4972	359.418-0.104			22 GHz;	-3.1;2.1	-3.1	3.70 (0.39)	34.21 (2.49)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
24	17 41 28.8	-29 26 57.9	359.0888	0.4999	G359.089+0.500	G359.0888+0.4999	359.436-0.102		Descr	22 GHz;	-61.1;-55.8	-55.8	5.14 (0.37)	49.67 (2.55)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	UNK		1990 January 7
25	17 41 30.3	-29 17 12	359.2301	0.5810	G359.230+0.581	G359.2301+0.5810	359.578-0.021			22 GHz;	54.8;54.8	54.8	0.12 (0.03)	0.63 (0.15)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
26	17 41 35.4	-28 50 24.7	359.6188	0.8014	G359.619+0.801	G359.6188+0.8014	359.967+0.199			22 GHz;	-18.9;-18.9	-18.9	0.24 (0.03)	1.27 (0.17)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
27	17 41 44.1	-28 50 50.8	359.6295	0.7705	G359.630+0.770	G359.6295+0.7705	359.977+0.168		Descr	22 GHz;	-8.4;-3.1	-8.4	0.13 (0.03)	0.93 (0.19)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
28	17 41 48	-29 15 4.1	359.2941	0.5454	G359.294+0.545	G359.2941+0.5454	359.642-0.056		Descr	22 GHz;	-8.4;-3.1	-3.1	0.12 (0.03)	1.02 (0.21)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O			1990 January 7
29	17 41 50.3	-29 24 52.3	359.1598	0.4519	G359.160+0.452	G359.1598+0.4519	359.507-0.150		Descr	22 GHz;	2.1;17.9	12.7	0.42 (0.03)	4.58 (0.31)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O			1990 January 7
30	17 47 22.2	-27 51 7.8	1.1261	0.2344	G1.126+0.234	G1.1261+0.2344	1.473-0.369	Image	Descr	22 GHz;	-11.2;17.8	-5.9	2.38 (0.12)	22.51 (0.51)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	EVOLVED		1990 January 7
31	17 48 16.9	-28 24 53.1	0.7485	-0.2286	G0.749-0.229	G0.7485-0.2286	1.095-0.832		Descr	22 GHz;	-8.5;25.7	-5.9	72.42 (3.72)	379.2 (11.5)	NRAOVLA	D	0.003	2.7 x 4.4	+H₂O	SFR		1990 January 7

DSS colored	2MASS colored	WISE colored
PACS color (70-160 um)	SPIRE color (250-500 um)	GLIMPSE 360
SDSS color	IRAC color I1,I2,I4	NVSS (1.4GHz)
ATLASGAL 870 um	ATLASGAL 870 um + Planck	Bolocam 1.1 mm

select MAX(h2o_data_all.ra_hms) as ra_hms,MAX(h2o_data_all.dec_dms) as dec_dms,MAX(h2o_data_all.source_name) as source_name,MAX(h2o_data_all.ra) as ra,MAX(h2o_data_all.dec) as dec,MAX(h2o_data_all.l) as l,MAX(h2o_data_all.b) as b,MAX(h2o_data_all.grp) as grp,MAX(h2o_data_all.grpv) as grpv,MAX(h2o_data_all.other_name) as other_name,MAX(h2o_data_all.other_desc) as other_desc,BOOL_OR(thermal) as thermal,MAX(h2o_data_all.line) as line,MAX(h2o_data_all.vrange) as vrange,MAX(h2o_data_all.vpeak) as vpeak,MAX(h2o_data_all.peak) as peak,MAX(h2o_data_all.fwhm) as fwhm,MAX(h2o_data_all.int) as int,MAX(h2o_data_all.rms) as rms,MAX(h2o_data_all.units) as units,MAX(h2o_data_all.units_rms) as units_rms,MAX(h2o_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(h2o_data_all.telescope_ref) as telescope_ref,MAX(h2o_data_all.telescope_conf) as telescope_conf,MAX(h2o_data_all.v_step) as v_step,MAX(h2o_data_all.beam) as beam,MAX(h2o_data_all.beam_maj) as beam_maj,MAX(h2o_data_all.beam_min) as beam_min,MAX(h2o_data_all.beam_pa) as beam_pa,MAX(h2o_data_all.ref) as ref,MAX(h2o_data_all.list_ref) as list_ref,MAX(h2o_data_all.ascii) as ascii,MAX(h2o_data_all.url) as url,MAX(h2o_data_all.image) as image,MAX(h2o_data_all.image2) as image2,MAX(h2o_data_all.image3) as image3,MAX(h2o_data_all.descr) as descr,MAX(h2o_data_all.id) as id,BOOL_OR(mjy_flag) as mjy_flag,BOOL_OR(rms_mjy_flag) as rms_mjy_flag,MAX(h2o_data_all.dist) as dist,1 as dist_parallax,MAX(h2o_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(line_det) as line_det,MAX(type) as type,MAX(simbad_types_cat) as simbad_types_cat FROM h2o_data_all  LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON h2o_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON h2o_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'TAY93' AND detected=true AND hide=false GROUP BY ref

select h2o_data_all.ra_hms,h2o_data_all.dec_dms,h2o_data_all.source_name,h2o_data_all.ra,h2o_data_all.dec,h2o_data_all.l,h2o_data_all.b,h2o_data_all.grp,h2o_data_all.grpv,h2o_data_all.other_name,h2o_data_all.other_desc,h2o_data_all.thermal,h2o_data_all.line,h2o_data_all.vrange,h2o_data_all.vpeak,h2o_data_all.peak,h2o_data_all.fwhm,h2o_data_all.int,h2o_data_all.rms,h2o_data_all.units,h2o_data_all.units_rms,h2o_data_all.date_txt,h2o_data_all.telescope_ref,h2o_data_all.telescope_conf,h2o_data_all.v_step,h2o_data_all.beam,h2o_data_all.beam_maj,h2o_data_all.beam_min,h2o_data_all.beam_pa,h2o_data_all.ref,h2o_data_all.list_ref,h2o_data_all.ascii,h2o_data_all.url,h2o_data_all.image,h2o_data_all.image2,h2o_data_all.image3,h2o_data_all.descr,h2o_data_all.id,h2o_data_all.mjy_flag,h2o_data_all.rms_mjy_flag,h2o_data_all.dist,h2o_data_all.dist_parallax,h2o_data_all.date_txt,line_det,type,simbad_types_cat FROM h2o_data_all   LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON h2o_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON h2o_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'TAY93' AND detected=true AND hide=false ORDER BY detected DESC,id

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TAY93 - Water Masers in the Direction of the Galactic Center. I. Results From Initial Observations

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Detection table from Taylor et al. (1993)