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CAS99 - OH masers at 1612 and 1720MHz in star-forming regions

Short title: Caswell (1999)
Authors: Caswell, J. L.
Journal: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 308, Issue 3, pp. 683-690.
Bibcode:

Target type: High_mass_SFR
Transitions: OH_1612,OH_1665,OH_1720

Abstract
Masers at the ground-state OH satellite transitions near 1612 and 1720MHz are occasionally found in star-forming regions, accompanying the dominant maser of OH at 1665MHz. The satellite lines can then be valuable diagnostics of physical conditions in star-forming regions if we can first ascertain that all maser species truly arise from the same site. For this purpose, newly measured satellite line positions with subarcsecond accuracy are reported here, and compared with masers of main-line OH at 1665MHz, with methanol masers at 6668MHz, and with ultracompact Hii regions. We confirm that most of the satellite-line OH masers that we have measured are associated with star-forming regions, but a few are not: several 1612-MHz masers are associated with late-type stars, and one 1720-MHz maser is associated with a supernova remnant. The 1720-MHz masers in star-forming regions are accounted for by a pumping scheme requiring high densities, and are distinctly different from those in supernova remnants where the favoured pumping scheme operates at much lower densities.

Abstract

Masers at the ground-state OH satellite transitions near 1612 and 1720MHz are occasionally found in star-forming regions, accompanying the dominant maser of OH at 1665MHz. The satellite lines can then be valuable diagnostics of physical conditions in star-forming regions if we can first ascertain that all maser species truly arise from the same site. For this purpose, newly measured satellite line positions with subarcsecond accuracy are reported here, and compared with masers of main-line OH at 1665MHz, with methanol masers at 6668MHz, and with ultracompact Hii regions. We confirm that most of the satellite-line OH masers that we have measured are associated with star-forming regions, but a few are not: several 1612-MHz masers are associated with late-type stars, and one 1720-MHz maser is associated with a supernova remnant. The 1720-MHz masers in star-forming regions are accounted for by a pumping scheme requiring high densities, and are distinctly different from those in supernova remnants where the favoured pumping scheme operates at much lower densities.

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Detection table from Caswell (1999)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	Source name	Image	Descr.	Frequency	V_range	V_peak	F_peak	Telescope	V_step	RMS	Beam	Detection	Class	Dist. (parallax)	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)					(MHz)	(km/s)	(km/s)	(Jy)		(km/s)	(mJy)	(arcsec)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	13 21 22.9	-63 00 28.4	306.3220	-0.3334	G306.322-0.334	306.322-0.334	Image	Descr	1720	-24;-22	-23	1.8	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
2	13 21 23	-63 00 30.4	306.3220	-0.3340	G306.322-0.334	306.322-0.334	Image		1665	-25;-20	-22.6	0.4	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
3	15 29 19.3	-56 31 22.3	323.4590	-0.0788	G323.459-0.079	323.459-0.079			1612		-70.8	0.96	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	-H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
4	15 29 19.4	-56 31 21.4	323.4591	-0.0786	G323.459-0.079	323.459-0.079			1665	-72;-64	-69	8.6	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	-H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
5	15 55 48.5	-52 43 5.9	328.8085	0.6331	G328.809+0.633	328.809+0.633	Image	Descr	1720	-45;-42	-43.2	10	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
6	15 55 48.6	-52 43 5.6	328.8087	0.6331	G328.809+0.633	328.809+0.633	Image		1665	-50;-35	-43.5	69.3	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
7	16 10 19.9	-52 06 7.1	330.8784	-0.3667	G330.878-0.367	330.878-0.367			1612		-62.9	0.31	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
8	16 10 20	-52 06 7.7	330.8785	-0.3671	G330.878-0.367	330.878-0.367			1665	-72;-60	-61.8	333	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
9	16 12 9.9	-51 28 37.2	331.5117	-0.1024	G331.512-0.102	331.512-0.103	Image	Descr	1612	-90;-85	-87	200	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
10	16 12 10.1	-51 28 37.7	331.5121	-0.1029	G331.512-0.102	331.512-0.103	Image		1665	-94;-85	-91	22.7	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
11	16 19 50.9	-50 15 10.8	333.2339	-0.0602	G333.234-0.060	333.234-0.060			1612	-94;-82	-91.2	1.7	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
12	16 19 50.9	-50 15 10	333.2341	-0.0601	G333.234-0.060	333.234-0.060			1665	-94;-82	-84	4.2	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
13	16 22 11	-50 05 56.3	333.6077	-0.2147	G333.608-0.215	333.608-0.215			1612	-56;-50	-51.8	1.8	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
14	16 22 11.1	-50 05 56.3	333.6077	-0.2147	G333.608-0.215	333.608-0.215			1665	-57;-46	-51	11	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
15	16 40 33.5	-45 41 37	338.9250	0.5566	G338.924+0.556	338.925+0.557	Image	Descr	1720	-64;-59	-61.3	0.8	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH			1997 Nov 27
16	16 40 33.5	-45 41 35.9	338.9253	0.5567	G338.924+0.556	338.925+0.557	Image		1612	-64;-60	-62.9	23	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH			1997 Nov 27
17	16 40 33.6	-45 41 37.2	338.9251	0.5564	G338.924+0.556	338.925+0.557	Image		1665	-65;-57	-61	16.8	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH			1997 Nov 27
18	16 46 06	-45 36 43.9	339.6220	-0.1207	G339.622-0.121	339.622-0.121	Image	Descr	1720	-38;-36	-36.7	0.4	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
19	16 46 06	-45 36 43.7	339.6221	-0.1207	G339.622-0.121	339.622-0.121	Image		1665	-41;-30	-37.3	20	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
20	16 50 14.8	-44 42 26.8	340.7849	-0.0960	G340.785-0.096	340.785-0.096	Image	Descr	1720	-107;-104	-105.6	1.2	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
21	16 50 14.8	-44 42 26.9	340.7848	-0.0960	G340.785-0.096	340.785-0.096	Image		1665	-108;-88	-101	6	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
22	17 05 11.2	-41 29 7.5	345.0033	-0.2246	G345.003-0.224	345.003-0.224	Image	Descr	1720	-31;-28	-29.3	20	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
23	17 05 11.3	-41 29 6.7	345.0036	-0.2245	G345.003-0.224	345.003-0.224	Image		1665	-32;-22	-27	2.7	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
24	17 06 50.6	-40 51 2.2	345.6976	-0.0900	G345.698-0.090	345.698-0.090			1612	-9;-4	-7.4	4.9	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
25	17 06 50.6	-40 50 59.4	345.6983	-0.0897	G345.698-0.090	345.698-0.090			1665	-9;-2	-6	8.7	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
26	17 11 51	-39 09 29	347.6281	0.1483	G347.628+0.148	347.628+0.148	Image	Descr	1612	-98;-96	-96.6	1.9	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
27	17 11 51	-39 09 29.3	347.6281	0.1482	G347.628+0.148	347.628+0.148	Image		1665	-99;-92	-94.3	9.8	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
28	17 19 20.4	-39 03 50.7	348.5500	-0.9788	G348.550-0.979	348.550-0.979			1720	-14;-10	-12	5	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
29	17 19 20.4	-39 03 51.8	348.5497	-0.9788	G348.550-0.979	348.550-0.979			1665	-22;-10	-19.7	6.8	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
30	17 20 53.4	-35 47 02	351.4167	0.6451	G351.417+0.645	351.417+0.645			1720	-11;-8	-10	22	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		1997 Nov 27
31	17 20 53.4	-35 47 1.8	351.4168	0.6451	G351.417+0.645	351.417+0.645			1665	-13;-6	-9.1	108	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		1997 Nov 27
32	17 26 42.4	-36 09 20	351.7738	-0.5365	G351.775-0.536	351.775-0.536	Image	Descr	1720	-1;5	4	2.9	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
33	17 26 42.5	-36 09 18.1	351.7744	-0.5364	G351.775-0.536	351.775-0.536	Image		1612	-5;5	1.3	1.5	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
34	17 26 42.6	-36 09 17.6	351.7746	-0.5364	G351.775-0.536	351.775-0.536	Image		1665	-29;8	-2	414	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
35	17 30 26.2	-34 41 45.7	353.4098	-0.3602	G353.410-0.360	353.410-0.360			1720	-20;-17	-19	11	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
36	17 30 26.2	-34 41 45.5	353.4099	-0.3602	G353.410-0.360	353.410-0.360			1665	-21;-18	-19.7	12.6	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
37	17 30 17.1	-33 13 54.1	354.6151	0.4720	G354.615+0.472	354.615+0.472	Image	Descr	1612		-15	0.24	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		1997 Nov 27
38	17 30 17.1	-33 13 54.6	354.6149	0.4721	G354.615+0.472	354.615+0.472	Image		1665	-34;-13	-15.4	4	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		1997 Nov 27
39	18 00 30.4	-24 04 1.3	5.8852	-0.3923	G5.885-0.392	5.885-0.392			1612	-25;15	-22	7.1	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	GALAXY		1997 Nov 27
40	18 00 30.4	-24 04 4.2	5.8845	-0.3927	G5.885-0.392	5.885-0.392			1665	-44;19	13.9	4.2	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	GALAXY		1997 Nov 27
41	18 08 38.3	-19 51 47.9	10.4730	0.0272	G10.472+0.026	10.473+0.027	Image	Descr	1720		64.7	0.4	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH -SiO	SFR		1997 Nov 27
42	18 08 38.3	-19 51 49.4	10.4725	0.0272	G10.472+0.026	10.473+0.027	Image		1665	48;69	51.5	0.55	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH -SiO	SFR		1997 Nov 27
43	18 09 39.8	-19 21 23.6	11.0332	0.0616	G11.034+0.062	11.034+0.062	Image	Descr	1720		22.5	0.45	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
44	18 09 39.9	-19 21 21.2	11.0339	0.0616	G11.034+0.062	11.034+0.062	Image		1665	20;23	21.7	6.7	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
45	16 12 41.6	-51 26 40.2	331.5940	-0.1350	G331.594-0.135	331.594-0.135	Image		1612	-110;-80	-82	5.9	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+OH	EVOLVED		1997 Nov 27
46	16 13 29.1	-51 29 56.6	331.6463	-0.2593	G331.646-0.259	331.646-0.259	Image		1612	-46;-24	-25	8.9	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+OH			1997 Nov 27
47	16 46 7.2	-45 36 57.1	339.6214	-0.1256	G339.622-0.121	339.621-0.126			1612		-32.8	4	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
48	16 58 16.6	-42 52 39.4	343.1186	-0.0669	G343.122-0.064	343.119-0.067	Image		1612		-28	20	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		1997 Nov 27
49	17 10 6.9	-39 12 00	347.3953	0.3944	G347.395+0.394	347.395+0.394	Image		1612	-202;-175	-175.5	10.4	ATCA	0.7	30.000	7	+OH			1997 Nov 27

DSS colored	2MASS colored	WISE colored
PACS color (70-160 um)	SPIRE color (250-500 um)	GLIMPSE 360
SDSS color	IRAC color I1,I2,I4	NVSS (1.4GHz)
ATLASGAL 870 um	ATLASGAL 870 um + Planck	Bolocam 1.1 mm
UKIDSS K Download UKIDSS K FITS	2MASS K Download 2MASS K FITS

select MAX(oh_data_all.ra_hms) as ra_hms,MAX(oh_data_all.dec_dms) as dec_dms,MAX(oh_data_all.source_name) as source_name,MAX(oh_data_all.ra) as ra,MAX(oh_data_all.dec) as dec,MAX(oh_data_all.l) as l,MAX(oh_data_all.b) as b,MAX(oh_data_all.grp) as grp,MAX(oh_data_all.other_name) as other_name,MAX(oh_data_all.other_desc) as other_desc,BOOL_OR(thermal) as thermal,MAX(oh_data_all.freq) as freq,MAX(oh_data_all.vrange) as vrange,MAX(oh_data_all.vpeak) as vpeak,MAX(oh_data_all.peak) as peak,MAX(oh_data_all.fwhm) as fwhm,MAX(oh_data_all.int) as int,MAX(oh_data_all.rms) as rms,MAX(oh_data_all.units) as units,MAX(oh_data_all.units_rms) as units_rms,MAX(oh_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(oh_data_all.telescope_ref) as telescope_ref,MAX(oh_data_all.telescope_conf) as telescope_conf,MAX(oh_data_all.v_step) as v_step,MAX(oh_data_all.beam) as beam,MAX(oh_data_all.beam_maj) as beam_maj,MAX(oh_data_all.beam_min) as beam_min,MAX(oh_data_all.beam_pa) as beam_pa,MAX(oh_data_all.ref) as ref,MAX(oh_data_all.list_ref) as list_ref,MAX(oh_data_all.ascii) as ascii,MAX(oh_data_all.url) as url,MAX(oh_data_all.image) as image,MAX(oh_data_all.image2) as image2,MAX(oh_data_all.image3) as image3,MAX(oh_data_all.descr) as descr,MAX(oh_data_all.id) as id,BOOL_OR(mjy_flag) as mjy_flag,BOOL_OR(rms_mjy_flag) as rms_mjy_flag,MAX(oh_data_all.dist) as dist,1 as dist_parallax,MAX(oh_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(line_det) as line_det,MAX(type) as type,MAX(simbad_types_cat) as simbad_types_cat FROM oh_data_all  LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON oh_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON oh_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'CAS99' AND detected=true AND hide=false GROUP BY ref

select oh_data_all.ra_hms,oh_data_all.dec_dms,oh_data_all.source_name,oh_data_all.ra,oh_data_all.dec,oh_data_all.l,oh_data_all.b,oh_data_all.grp,oh_data_all.other_name,oh_data_all.other_desc,oh_data_all.thermal,oh_data_all.freq,oh_data_all.vrange,oh_data_all.vpeak,oh_data_all.peak,oh_data_all.fwhm,oh_data_all.int,oh_data_all.rms,oh_data_all.units,oh_data_all.units_rms,oh_data_all.date_txt,oh_data_all.telescope_ref,oh_data_all.telescope_conf,oh_data_all.v_step,oh_data_all.beam,oh_data_all.beam_maj,oh_data_all.beam_min,oh_data_all.beam_pa,oh_data_all.ref,oh_data_all.list_ref,oh_data_all.ascii,oh_data_all.url,oh_data_all.image,oh_data_all.image2,oh_data_all.image3,oh_data_all.descr,oh_data_all.id,oh_data_all.mjy_flag,oh_data_all.rms_mjy_flag,oh_data_all.dist,oh_data_all.dist_parallax,oh_data_all.date_txt,line_det,type,simbad_types_cat FROM oh_data_all   LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON oh_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON oh_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'CAS99' AND detected=true AND hide=false ORDER BY detected DESC,id

Display data from paper

CAS99 - OH masers at 1612 and 1720MHz in star-forming regions

View as list of objects

Detection table from Caswell (1999)