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SAL22 - The methanol emission in the J1-J0 A-+ line series as a tracer of specific physical conditions in high-mass star-forming regions

Short title: Salii et al. (2022)
Authors: Svetlana V. Salii, Igor I. Zinchenko, Sheng-Yuan Liu, Andrej M. Sobolev, Artis Aberfelds and Yu-Nung Su
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Bibcode:

Transitions: CH3OH_6(II)

Abstract
We present results of the investigations of the properties of the methanol J1-J0 A-+ line series motivated by the recent serendipitous detection of the maser emission in the 14_1-14_0 A-+ line at 349 GHz in S255IR-SMA1 soon after the accretion burst. The study includes further observations of several lines of this series in S255IR with the SMA, a mini-survey of the bright 6.7 GHz methanol maser sources in methanol lines in the 0.8 mm range with the IRAM-30m telescope and theoretical modeling. We found that the maser component of the 14_1-14_0 A-+ line in S255IR decayed by more than order of magnitude in comparison with that in 2016. No clear sign of the maser emission is observed in other lines of this series in the SMA observations except the 7_1-7_0 A-+ line where an additional bright component is detected at the velocity of the maser emission observed earlier in the 14_1-14_0 A-+ line. Our LVG model gives the ranges of the physical parameters where the observed situation can occur. No obvious maser emission in the J1-J0 A-+ lines was detected in the mini-survey of the 6.7 GHz methanol maser sources, though one component in NGC7538 may represent a weak maser. In general, the maser effect in the J1-J0 A-+ lines may serve as a tracer of rather hot environments and in particular luminosity flaring events during high mass star formation.

Abstract

We present results of the investigations of the properties of the methanol J1-J0 A-+ line series motivated by the recent serendipitous detection of the maser emission in the 14_1-14_0 A-+ line at 349 GHz in S255IR-SMA1 soon after the accretion burst. The study includes further observations of several lines of this series in S255IR with the SMA, a mini-survey of the bright 6.7 GHz methanol maser sources in methanol lines in the 0.8 mm range with the IRAM-30m telescope and theoretical modeling. We found that the maser component of the 14_1-14_0 A-+ line in S255IR decayed by more than order of magnitude in comparison with that in 2016. No clear sign of the maser emission is observed in other lines of this series in the SMA observations except the 7_1-7_0 A-+ line where an additional bright component is detected at the velocity of the maser emission observed earlier in the 14_1-14_0 A-+ line. Our LVG model gives the ranges of the physical parameters where the observed situation can occur. No obvious maser emission in the J1-J0 A-+ lines was detected in the mini-survey of the 6.7 GHz methanol maser sources, though one component in NGC7538 may represent a weak maser. In general, the maser effect in the J1-J0 A-+ lines may serve as a tracer of rather hot environments and in particular luminosity flaring events during high mass star formation.

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Detection table from Salii et al. (2022)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	Source name	Other name	V_range	V_peak	F_peak	Detection	Class	Dist. (parallax)
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)			other	(km/s)	(km/s)	(Jy)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	18 05 25.7	-21 19 25.5	8.8315	-0.0280	G8.832-0.028	G008.831-0.028		-6;62	-0.51	2096.42	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
2	18 06 14.7	-20 31 31.5	9.6212	0.1958	G9.621+0.195	G009.621-0.195		-4;93	1.43	13056.89	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
3	18 13 54.7	-18 01 47.2	12.6804	-0.1824	G12.681-0.182	G012.680-0.182	(W33B)	50;61	55.63	5519.22	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
4	18 14 39.5	-17 52 0.6	12.9084	-0.2604	G12.908-0.260	G012.908+0.260	(W33A)	35;473	38	1764.15	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
5	18 34 40.3	-09 00 38.2	23.0098	-0.4106	G23.010-0.411	G023.009-0.410		68;87.54	76.31	4523.72	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
6	18 38 3.1	-06 24 15.3	25.7094	0.0438	G25.709+0.044	G025.709+0.043	(W98)	89;103.54	92.7	2635.38	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
7	19 01 45.5	+01 13 32.9	35.2003	-1.7365	G35.200-1.737	G035.200-1.736	(W48)	39;473	42.67	1061.27	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED
8	18 54 14.2	+04 41 41	37.4297	1.5178	G37.427+1.518	G037.429+1.517		40.2;52.74	43.12	1206.47	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
9	19 23 43.9	+14 30 34.1	49.4897	-0.3876	G49.489-0.387	G049.489-0.387	(W51e2)	49.9;65	55.41	2862.55	+H₂O +OH	SFR
10	20 38 36.4	+42 37 34.6	81.8712	0.7806	G81.871+0.781	G081.871+0.780	(W75N)	0;13	63.2	1865.45	+H₂O +OH	SFR_MIXED
11	22 56 17.9	+62 01 49.5	109.8708	2.1144	G109.871+2.114	G109.870+2.114	(Cepheus A)	-6;-1	-40.4	2133.03	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR
12	23 13 45.4	+61 28 9.8	111.5421	0.7767	G111.542+0.766	G111.542+0.776	(NGC 7538C)	-62;-48	-58.56	2331.18	+H₂O +OH	SFR
13	02 27 3.8	+61 52 25.2	133.9473	1.0643	G133.947+1.064	G133.947+1.064	(W3(OH))	-48;-41	-44.86	37474.84	+H₂O +OH	SFR
14	06 08 53.3	+21 38 29.1	188.9461	0.8860	G188.946+0.886	G188.946+0.886	(AFGL5180)	-4;12	99.2	2741.29	+H₂O +OH	SFR_MIXED
15	06 12 54	+17 59 23.1	192.6003	-0.0481	G192.599-0.048	G192.600-0.048	(S255IR)	2;8	5.6	1600.001	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED

DSS colored	2MASS colored	WISE colored
PACS color (70-160 um)	SPIRE color (250-500 um)	GLIMPSE 360
SDSS color	IRAC color I1,I2,I4	NVSS (1.4GHz)
ATLASGAL 870 um	ATLASGAL 870 um + Planck	Bolocam 1.1 mm
UKIDSS K Download UKIDSS K FITS	2MASS K Download 2MASS K FITS

select MAX(met2_data_all.ra_hms) as ra_hms,MAX(met2_data_all.dec_dms) as dec_dms,MAX(met2_data_all.source_name) as source_name,MAX(met2_data_all.ra) as ra,MAX(met2_data_all.dec) as dec,MAX(met2_data_all.l) as l,MAX(met2_data_all.b) as b,MAX(met2_data_all.grp) as grp,MAX(met2_data_all.other_name) as other_name,MAX(met2_data_all.other_desc) as other_desc,BOOL_OR(thermal) as thermal,MAX(met2_data_all.line) as line,MAX(met2_data_all.vrange) as vrange,MAX(met2_data_all.vpeak) as vpeak,MAX(met2_data_all.peak) as peak,MAX(met2_data_all.fwhm) as fwhm,MAX(met2_data_all.int) as int,MAX(met2_data_all.rms) as rms,MAX(met2_data_all.units) as units,MAX(met2_data_all.units_rms) as units_rms,MAX(met2_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(met2_data_all.telescope_ref) as telescope_ref,MAX(met2_data_all.telescope_conf) as telescope_conf,MAX(met2_data_all.v_step) as v_step,MAX(met2_data_all.beam) as beam,MAX(met2_data_all.beam_maj) as beam_maj,MAX(met2_data_all.beam_min) as beam_min,MAX(met2_data_all.beam_pa) as beam_pa,MAX(met2_data_all.ref) as ref,MAX(met2_data_all.list_ref) as list_ref,MAX(met2_data_all.ascii) as ascii,MAX(met2_data_all.url) as url,MAX(met2_data_all.image) as image,MAX(met2_data_all.image2) as image2,MAX(met2_data_all.image3) as image3,MAX(met2_data_all.descr) as descr,MAX(met2_data_all.id) as id,BOOL_OR(mjy_flag) as mjy_flag,BOOL_OR(rms_mjy_flag) as rms_mjy_flag,MAX(met2_data_all.dist) as dist,1 as dist_parallax,MAX(met2_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(line_det) as line_det,MAX(type) as type,MAX(simbad_types_cat) as simbad_types_cat FROM met2_data_all  LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON met2_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON met2_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'SAL22' AND detected=true AND hide=false GROUP BY ref

select met2_data_all.ra_hms,met2_data_all.dec_dms,met2_data_all.source_name,met2_data_all.ra,met2_data_all.dec,met2_data_all.l,met2_data_all.b,met2_data_all.grp,met2_data_all.other_name,met2_data_all.other_desc,met2_data_all.thermal,met2_data_all.line,met2_data_all.vrange,met2_data_all.vpeak,met2_data_all.peak,met2_data_all.fwhm,met2_data_all.int,met2_data_all.rms,met2_data_all.units,met2_data_all.units_rms,met2_data_all.date_txt,met2_data_all.telescope_ref,met2_data_all.telescope_conf,met2_data_all.v_step,met2_data_all.beam,met2_data_all.beam_maj,met2_data_all.beam_min,met2_data_all.beam_pa,met2_data_all.ref,met2_data_all.list_ref,met2_data_all.ascii,met2_data_all.url,met2_data_all.image,met2_data_all.image2,met2_data_all.image3,met2_data_all.descr,met2_data_all.id,met2_data_all.mjy_flag,met2_data_all.rms_mjy_flag,met2_data_all.dist,met2_data_all.dist_parallax,met2_data_all.date_txt,line_det,type,simbad_types_cat FROM met2_data_all   LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON met2_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON met2_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'SAL22' AND detected=true AND hide=false ORDER BY detected DESC,id

Display data from paper

SAL22 - The methanol emission in the J1-J0 A-+ line series as a tracer of specific physical conditions in high-mass star-forming regions

View as list of objects

Detection table from Salii et al. (2022)