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PIH14 - Detection of Class I Methanol (CH3OH) Maser Candidates in Supernova Remnants

Interferometry data

Short title: Pihlstrom et al. (2014)
Authors: Pihlström, Y. M. Sjouwerman, L. O. Frail, D. A. Claussen, M. J. Mesler, R. A. McEwen, B. C.
Journal: The Astronomical Journal, Volume 147, Issue 4, article id. 73, 8 pp. (2014).
Bibcode:

Target type: SNR
Transitions: CH3OH_23.4(I),CH3OH_25-30_GHz(I),CH3OH_36(I),CH3OH_44(I),CH3OH_95(I),CH3OH_132(I),CH3OH_19(II)

Abstract
We have used the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array to search for 36 GHz and 44 GHz methanol (CH₃OH) lines in a sample of 21 Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs). Mainly the regions of the SNRs with 1720 MHz OH masers were observed. Despite the limited spatial extent covered in our search, methanol masers were detected in both G1.4-0.1 and W28. Additional masers were found in Sgr A East. More than 40 masers were found in G1.4-0.1, which we deduce are due to interactions between the SNR and at least two separate molecular clouds. The six masers in W28 are associated with the molecular cloud that is also associated with the OH maser excitation. We discuss the possibility that the methanol maser may be more numerous in SNRs than the OH maser, but harder to detect due to observational constraints. eprintid: arXiv:1312.6882

Abstract

We have used the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array to search for 36 GHz and 44 GHz methanol (CH₃OH) lines in a sample of 21 Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs). Mainly the regions of the SNRs with 1720 MHz OH masers were observed. Despite the limited spatial extent covered in our search, methanol masers were detected in both G1.4-0.1 and W28. Additional masers were found in Sgr A East. More than 40 masers were found in G1.4-0.1, which we deduce are due to interactions between the SNR and at least two separate molecular clouds. The six masers in W28 are associated with the molecular cloud that is also associated with the OH maser excitation. We discuss the possibility that the methanol maser may be more numerous in SNRs than the OH maser, but harder to detect due to observational constraints. eprintid:

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Detection table from Pihlstrom et al. (2014)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	RA offset	Dec offset	l	b	Group id	#	Source name	Other name	Image	Descr.	Line	V_peak	F_peak	∫F dv	Telescope	Beam	Detection	Class	Dist. (parallax)
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(mas)	(mas)	(deg.)	(deg.)				Other Name			CH₃OH (class I)	(km/s)	(Jy)	(Jy*km/s)		(arcsec)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	+17 49 39	-27 46 1.24487e-10			1.459545	-0.153555	G1.4780-0.1314		G001.4-0.1		Image	Descr	36 GHz (I);	-32.6 .. 29.9	0.06 .. 0.89	..	NRAOVLA	0.3 x 0.15	+CH₃OH I	SFR
	+17 49 31.09	-27 47 36.3	-118650 mas	-96298.8 mas	1.421610	-0.142293		1	G001.4-0.1					27.5	0.09
	+17 49 38.77	-27 44 22.1	-3450 mas	97901.2 mas	1.482437	-0.138852		2	G001.4-0.1					28.8	0.16
	+17 49 38.77	-27 44 22.1	-3450 mas	97901.2 mas	1.482437	-0.138852		3	G001.4-0.1					27.5	0.16
	+17 49 38.41	-27 44 18.8	-8850 mas	101201 mas	1.482541	-0.137242		4	G001.4-0.1					23.9	0.28
	+17 49 38.23	-27 44 19	-11550 mas	101001 mas	1.482153	-0.136701		5	G001.4-0.1					19	0.14
	+17 49 38.23	-27 44 19	-11550 mas	101001 mas	1.482153	-0.136701		6	G001.4-0.1					17.2	0.23
	+17 49 38.15	-27 44 16.8	-12750 mas	103201 mas	1.482525	-0.136134		7	G001.4-0.1					24.9	0.23
	+17 49 38.09	-27 44 19.9	-13650 mas	100101 mas	1.481673	-0.136387		8	G001.4-0.1					14.6	0.2
	+17 49 38.09	-27 44 19.9	-13650 mas	100101 mas	1.481673	-0.136387		9	G001.4-0.1					19	0.17
	+17 49 37.99	-27 44 17.5	-15150 mas	102501 mas	1.482055	-0.135728		10	G001.4-0.1					25.7	0.3
	+17 49 37.99	-27 44 17.5	-15150 mas	102501 mas	1.482055	-0.135728		11	G001.4-0.1					26.5	0.24
	+17 49 37.91	-27 44 23.7	-16350 mas	96301.2 mas	1.480426	-0.136360		12	G001.4-0.1					19.5	0.3
	+17 49 37.85	-27 44 22	-17250 mas	98001.2 mas	1.480717	-0.135927		13	G001.4-0.1					24.4	0.18
	+17 49 37.68	-27 44 23	-19800 mas	97001.2 mas	1.480157	-0.135532		14	G001.4-0.1					17.7	0.16
	+17 49 37.08	-27 44 18.8	-28800 mas	101201 mas	1.480021	-0.133035		15	G001.4-0.1					23.1	0.18
	+17 49 36.82	-27 44 20.6	-32700 mas	99401.2 mas	1.479099	-0.132469		16	G001.4-0.1					28.6	0.25
	+17 49 36.63	-27 44 21.3	-35550 mas	98701.2 mas	1.478572	-0.131968		17	G001.4-0.1					20.3	0.33
	+17 49 36.63	-27 44 21.3	-35550 mas	98701.2 mas	1.478572	-0.131968		18	G001.4-0.1					29.9	0.1
	+17 49 36.56	-27 44 21.1	-36600 mas	98901.2 mas	1.478487	-0.131718		19	G001.4-0.1					20.3	0.21
	+17 49 36.56	-27 44 21.1	-36600 mas	98901.2 mas	1.478487	-0.131718		20	G001.4-0.1					24.7	0.2
	+17 49 36.43	-27 44 21.9	-38550 mas	98101.2 mas	1.478050	-0.131421		21	G001.4-0.1					18.5	0.89
	+17 49 36.43	-27 44 21.9	-38550 mas	98101.2 mas	1.478050	-0.131421		22	G001.4-0.1					21.3	0.22
	+17 49 48.53	-27 43 15.8	142950 mas	164201 mas	1.516732	-0.160272		23	G001.4-0.1					16.9	0.09
	+17 49 48.47	-27 44 31.2	142050 mas	88801.2 mas	1.498647	-0.170840		24	G001.4-0.1					-22.7	0.09
	+17 49 48.23	-27 43 55	138450 mas	125001 mas	1.506820	-0.164915		25	G001.4-0.1					7.6	0.18
	+17 49 47.59	-27 44 3.1	128850 mas	116901 mas	1.503678	-0.164046		26	G001.4-0.1					-21.9	0.07
	+17 49 47.56	-27 44 10.4	128400 mas	109601 mas	1.501881	-0.164993		27	G001.4-0.1					-32.6	0.14
	+17 49 46.98	-27 44 10.4	119700 mas	109601 mas	1.500782	-0.163157		28	G001.4-0.1					-27.1	0.07
	+17 49 46.95	-27 44 16.8	119250 mas	103201 mas	1.499200	-0.163976		29	G001.4-0.1					-29.2	0.08
	+17 49 45.87	-27 44 11.8	103050 mas	108201 mas	1.498346	-0.159845		30	G001.4-0.1					-31.3	0.07
	+17 49 45.43	-27 44 19.4	96450 mas	100601 mas	1.495701	-0.159537		31	G001.4-0.1					-24.8	0.21
	+17 49 44.62	-27 44 35.2	84300 mas	84801.2 mas	1.490401	-0.159229		32	G001.4-0.1					3.4	0.06
	+17 49 44.44	-27 44 07	81600 mas	113001 mas	1.496780	-0.154635		33	G001.4-0.1					-23.2	0.08
	+17 49 50.31	-27 49 3.2	169650 mas	-183199 mas	1.437302	-0.215466		34	G001.4-0.1					-20.1	0.22
	+17 49 50.25	-28 49 3.6	168750 mas	-3.7836e+06 mas	0.578997	-0.728874		35	G001.4-0.1					-19.9	0.24
	+17 49 50.11	-27 49 3.6	166650 mas	-183599 mas	1.436829	-0.214890		36	G001.4-0.1					-19.4	0.18
	+17 49 49.23	-27 49 9.3	153450 mas	-189299 mas	1.433804	-0.212921		37	G001.4-0.1					-18.6	0.28
	+17 49 49.19	-27 49 7.8	152850 mas	-187799 mas	1.434086	-0.212581		38	G001.4-0.1					-21.9	0.43
	+17 49 48.64	-27 49 27.7	144600 mas	-207699 mas	1.428302	-0.213681		39	G001.4-0.1					-18.1	0.17
	+17 49 50.36	-27 49 51.7	170400 mas	-231699 mas	1.425837	-0.222543		40	G001.4-0.1					-17.8	0.18
	+17 49 51.69	-27 50 12.3	190350 mas	-252299 mas	1.423444	-0.229687		41	G001.4-0.1					-17.8	0.48
2	+18 00 30	-23 26 00			6.434572	-0.076431	G6.691-0.291		G006.4-0.1	W28	Image	Descr	36 GHz (I);	8.2	0.04 .. 0.07	..	NRAOVLA	0.3 x 0.15	+CH₃OH I +OH	SFR
3	+18 00 30	-23 26 00			6.434572	-0.076431	G6.556-0.324		G006.4-0.1	W28			44 GHz (I);	6.8 .. 7.8	0.15 .. 1.2	..	NRAOVLA	0.25 x 0.13	+CH₃OH I	SFR
	+18 01 41.98	-23 26 59.9	1.0797e+06 mas	-59901.2 mas	6.556462	-0.323685		1	G006.4-0.1					7	1.2
	+18 01 42.42	-23 26 26.7	1.0863e+06 mas	-26701.2 mas	6.565309	-0.320586		2	G006.4-0.1					7.8	0.16
	+18 01 41.97	-23 26 26.8	1.07955e+06 mas	-26801.2 mas	6.564434	-0.319105		3	G006.4-0.1					6.8	0.39
	+18 01 40.45	-23 26 12.9	1.05675e+06 mas	-12901.2 mas	6.564916	-0.312145		4	G006.4-0.1					6.8	0.15

Non-detection table from Pihlstrom et al. (2014)