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H
2
O
KUS13 - Distance and Proper Motion Measurement of the Red Supergiant, PZ Cas, in Very Long Baseline Interferometry H
2
O Maser Astrometry
Interferometry data
Short title
: Kusuno et al. (2013)
Authors
: Kusuno, K.Asaki, Y.Imai, H.Oyama, T.
Journal
: The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 774, Issue 2, article id. 107,
16
pp. (2013).
Bibcode
:
2013ApJ...774..107K
Target type
: star
Abstract
We present the very long baseline interferometry H2O maser monitoring observations of the red supergiant, PZ Cas, at 12 epochs from 2006 April to 2008 May. We fitted maser motions to a simple model composed of a common annual parallax and linear motions of the individual masers. The maser motions with the parallax subtracted were well modeled by a combination of a common stellar proper motion and a radial expansion motion of the circumstellar envelope. We obtained an annual parallax of 0.356 ± 0.026 mas and a stellar proper motion of \mu ^{*}_{\alpha } \cos {\delta }=-3.7 +/- 0.2 and \mu ^{*}_{\delta }=-2.0 +/- 0.3 mas yr-1 eastward and northward, respectively. The annual parallax corresponds to a trigonometric parallax of 2.81 ^{+0.22}_{-0.19} kpc. By rescaling the luminosity of PZ Cas in any previous studies using our trigonometric parallax, we estimated the location of PZ Cas on a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram and found that it approaches a theoretically evolutionary track around an initial mass of ~25 M ⊙. The sky position and the distance to PZ Cas are consistent with the OB association, Cas OB5, which is located in a molecular gas super shell. The proper motion of PZ Cas is close to that of the OB stars and other red supergiants in Cas OB5 measured by the Hipparcos satellite. We derived the peculiar motion of PZ Cas of U s = 22.8 ± 1.5, V s = 7.1 ± 4.4, and W s = -5.7 ± 4.4 km s-1. This peculiar motion has rather a large U s component, unlike those of near high-mass star-forming regions with negatively large V s motions. The uniform proper motions of the Cas OB5 member stars suggest random motions of giant molecular clouds moving into local potential minima in a time-dependent spiral arm, rather than a velocity field caused by the spiral arm density wave.
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Detection table from Kusuno et al. (2013)
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individual components
ID
Obs. RA
Obs. Dec
RA offset
Dec offset
l
b
Group id
#
Maser spot
Source name
Image
Descr.
Line
V
peak
μ
X
μ
Y
π
Telescope
Detection
Class
Dist. (parallax)
Date
(J2000)
(J2000)
(mas)
(mas)
(deg.)
(deg.)
H
2
O
(km/s)
(mas/yr)
(mas/yr)
(mas)
Yes
/
No
(kpc)
1
+23 44 3.2819
+61 47 22.182
115.0581704
-0.0478065
G115.059-0.048
PZ CAS
Image
Descr
22 GHz
;
VERA
+H
2
O
-CH
3
OH II
+OH
+SiO
EVOLVED
2.81 (-0.19 +0.22)
2006 Apr - 2008 May
+23 44 3.28162133
+61 47 22.23424
-4.24 mas
52.24 mas
115.058174
-0.047792
1
1(a)
PZ CAS
-40.9
-3.79 (0.06)
-1.66 (0.03)
0.324 (0.042)
+23 44 3.281624
+61 47 22.2344
-4.2 mas
52.4 mas
115.058174
-0.047792
2
2(a)
PZ CAS
-41.2
-3.70 (0.06)
-1.46 (0.03)
0.379 (0.044)
+23 44 3.28163267
+61 47 22.2347
-4.07 mas
52.7 mas
115.058174
-0.047792
3
3(a)
PZ CAS
-41.4
-3.72 (0.06)
-1.30 (0.03)
0.340 (0.044)
+23 44 3.28171933
+61 47 22.23832
-2.77 mas
56.32 mas
115.058174
-0.047791
4
4(a)
PZ CAS
-41.4
-3.67 (0.06)
-1.34 (0.03)
0.380 (0.039)
+23 44 3.28171533
+61 47 22.23829
-2.83 mas
56.29 mas
115.058174
-0.047791
5
5(a)
PZ CAS
-41.6
-3.72 (0.06)
-1.33 (0.03)
0.357 (0.039)
+23 44 3.281716
+61 47 22.23828
-2.82 mas
56.28 mas
115.058174
-0.047791
6
6(a)
PZ CAS
-41.8
-3.73 (0.06)
-1.30 (0.03)
0.363 (0.038)
+23 44 3.28171533
+61 47 22.23832
-2.83 mas
56.32 mas
115.058174
-0.047791
7
7(a)
PZ CAS
-42.0
-3.76 (0.06)
-1.30 (0.03)
0.357 (0.038)
+23 44 3.28171067
+61 47 22.23832
-2.9 mas
56.32 mas
115.058174
-0.047791
8
8(a)
PZ CAS
-42.2
-3.74 (0.06)
-1.25 (0.03)
0.355 (0.039)
+23 44 3.28172933
+61 47 22.23862
-2.62 mas
56.62 mas
115.058174
-0.047791
9
9(a)
PZ CAS
-42.4
-3.78 (0.06)
-1.28 (0.03)
0.302 (0.039)
+23 44 3.281738
+61 47 22.2387
-2.49 mas
56.7 mas
115.058174
-0.047791
10
10(a)
PZ CAS
-42.6
-3.95 (0.06)
-1.53 (0.03)
0.355 (0.046)
+23 44 3.28174467
+61 47 22.24082
-2.39 mas
58.82 mas
115.058174
-0.047791
11
11(a)
PZ CAS
-42.2
-3.74 (0.06)
-1.81 (0.03)
0.436 (0.045)
+23 44 3.28175267
+61 47 22.24065
-2.27 mas
58.65 mas
115.058174
-0.047791
12
12(a)
PZ CAS
-42.4
-3.69 (0.06)
-1.82 (0.03)
0.349 (0.043)
+23 44 3.28169467
+61 47 22.24347
-3.14 mas
61.47 mas
115.058174
-0.047790
13
13(a)
PZ CAS
-43.1
-3.81 (0.08)
-1.62 (0.03)
0.357 (0.051)
+23 44 3.28615867
+61 47 22.13643
63.82 mas
-45.57 mas
115.058175
-0.047821
14
14(b)
PZ CAS
-40.9
-2.28 (0.07)
-2.86 (0.03)
0.367 (0.044)
+23 44 3.286154
+61 47 22.13651
63.75 mas
-45.49 mas
115.058175
-0.047821
15
15(b)
PZ CAS
-41.2
-2.30 (0.07)
-2.85 (0.03)
0.349 (0.041)
+23 44 3.28615067
+61 47 22.13654
63.7 mas
-45.46 mas
115.058175
-0.047821
16
16(b)
PZ CAS
-41.4
-2.32 (0.07)
-2.84 (0.03)
0.335 (0.044)
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NVSS (1.4GHz)
ATLASGAL 870 um
ATLASGAL 870 um + Planck
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select MAX(h2o_data_all.ra_hms) as ra_hms,MAX(h2o_data_all.dec_dms) as dec_dms,MAX(h2o_data_all.source_name) as source_name,MAX(h2o_data_all.ra) as ra,MAX(h2o_data_all.dec) as dec,MAX(h2o_data_all.l) as l,MAX(h2o_data_all.b) as b,MAX(h2o_data_all.grp) as grp,MAX(h2o_data_all.other_name) as other_name,MAX(h2o_data_all.other_desc) as other_desc,BOOL_OR(thermal) as thermal,MAX(h2o_data_all.line) as line,MAX(h2o_data_all.vrange) as vrange,MAX(h2o_data_all.vpeak) as vpeak,MAX(h2o_data_all.peak) as peak,MAX(h2o_data_all.fwhm) as fwhm,MAX(h2o_data_all.int) as int,MAX(h2o_data_all.rms) as rms,MAX(h2o_data_all.units) as units,MAX(h2o_data_all.units_rms) as units_rms,MAX(h2o_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(h2o_data_all.telescope_ref) as telescope_ref,MAX(h2o_data_all.telescope_conf) as telescope_conf,MAX(h2o_data_all.v_step) as v_step,MAX(h2o_data_all.beam) as beam,MAX(h2o_data_all.beam_maj) as beam_maj,MAX(h2o_data_all.beam_min) as beam_min,MAX(h2o_data_all.beam_pa) as beam_pa,MAX(h2o_data_all.ref) as ref,MAX(h2o_data_all.list_ref) as list_ref,MAX(h2o_data_all.ascii) as ascii,MAX(h2o_data_all.url) as url,MAX(h2o_data_all.image) as image,MAX(h2o_data_all.image2) as image2,MAX(h2o_data_all.image3) as image3,MAX(h2o_data_all.descr) as descr,MAX(h2o_data_all.id) as id,BOOL_OR(mjy_flag) as mjy_flag,BOOL_OR(rms_mjy_flag) as rms_mjy_flag,MAX(h2o_data_all.dist) as dist,1 as dist_parallax,MAX(h2o_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(line_det) as line_det,MAX(type) as type,MAX(simbad_types_cat) as simbad_types_cat FROM h2o_data_all LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON h2o_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON h2o_data_all.line=transitions."Line" WHERE ref ilike 'KUS13' AND detected=true AND hide=false GROUP BY ref
select h2o_data_all.ra_hms,h2o_data_all.dec_dms,h2o_data_all.source_name,h2o_data_all.ra,h2o_data_all.dec,h2o_data_all.l,h2o_data_all.b,h2o_data_all.grp,h2o_data_all.other_name,h2o_data_all.other_desc,h2o_data_all.thermal,h2o_data_all.line,h2o_data_all.vrange,h2o_data_all.vpeak,h2o_data_all.peak,h2o_data_all.fwhm,h2o_data_all.int,h2o_data_all.rms,h2o_data_all.units,h2o_data_all.units_rms,h2o_data_all.date_txt,h2o_data_all.telescope_ref,h2o_data_all.telescope_conf,h2o_data_all.v_step,h2o_data_all.beam,h2o_data_all.beam_maj,h2o_data_all.beam_min,h2o_data_all.beam_pa,h2o_data_all.ref,h2o_data_all.list_ref,h2o_data_all.ascii,h2o_data_all.url,h2o_data_all.image,h2o_data_all.image2,h2o_data_all.image3,h2o_data_all.descr,h2o_data_all.id,h2o_data_all.mjy_flag,h2o_data_all.rms_mjy_flag,h2o_data_all.dist,h2o_data_all.dist_parallax,h2o_data_all.date_txt,line_det,type,simbad_types_cat FROM h2o_data_all LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON h2o_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON h2o_data_all.line=transitions."Line" WHERE ref ilike 'KUS13' AND detected=true AND hide=false ORDER BY detected DESC,id
