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CHE19 - Discovery of a New Class I Methanol Maser Transition at 266.8 GHz

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Short title: Chen et al. (2019)
Authors: Chen, Xi Ellingsen, Simon P. Ren, Zhi-Yuan Sobolev, Andrej M. Parfenov, Sergey Shen, Zhi-Qiang
Journal: The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 877, Issue 2, article id. 90, 8 pp. (2019).
Bibcode:

Target type: High_mass_SFR

Abstract
We report the detection of a new class I methanol maser candidate from the 5₂-4₁ E transition (266.8 GHz). This methanol transition has been detected toward a nearby high-mass star-forming region G352.630-1.067 (distance ~0.7 kpc), in Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations. The new candidate transition has a similar spatial distribution as the 4₂-3₁ E (218.4 GHz) and 8_-1-7₀ E (229.7 GHz) transitions, which are known class I maser transitions. Thermal methanol emission in this source is confined to a central hot core, while the three class I maser transitions are detected in two additional regions. These two maser-only emission regions are clearly associated with shocked gas traced by 2 mum Ks-band and thermal v = 0, J = 5-4 SiO molecular emission. In contrast to the thermal methanol emission from the hot core, the three class I maser transitions show an positive trend in the rotation diagram for the two maser regions. Large velocity gradient modeling of the 266.8, 218.4, and 229.7 GHz transitions shows that the 266.8 GHz transition can be a maser for a wide range of conditions. The intensity ratios for the three methanol transitions detected in maser regions can be reproduced under conditions that are typical for class I methanol maser sites. These facts all support the hypothesis that the detected emission from the 266.8 GHz methanol (5₂-4₁ E) transition is masing.

Abstract

We report the detection of a new class I methanol maser candidate from the 5₂-4₁ E transition (266.8 GHz). This methanol transition has been detected toward a nearby high-mass star-forming region G352.630-1.067 (distance ~0.7 kpc), in Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations. The new candidate transition has a similar spatial distribution as the 4₂-3₁ E (218.4 GHz) and 8_-1-7₀ E (229.7 GHz) transitions, which are known class I maser transitions. Thermal methanol emission in this source is confined to a central hot core, while the three class I maser transitions are detected in two additional regions. These two maser-only emission regions are clearly associated with shocked gas traced by 2 mum Ks-band and thermal v = 0, J = 5-4 SiO molecular emission. In contrast to the thermal methanol emission from the hot core, the three class I maser transitions show an positive trend in the rotation diagram for the two maser regions. Large velocity gradient modeling of the 266.8, 218.4, and 229.7 GHz transitions shows that the 266.8 GHz transition can be a maser for a wide range of conditions. The intensity ratios for the three methanol transitions detected in maser regions can be reproduced under conditions that are typical for class I methanol maser sites. These facts all support the hypothesis that the detected emission from the 266.8 GHz methanol (5₂-4₁ E) transition is masing.

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Detection table from Chen et al. (2019)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	RA offset	Dec offset	l	b	Group id	#	Maser spot	Source name	Image	Descr.	Line	V_peak	T_a	∫T_a dv	Telescope	Beam	PA	Detection	Class	Distance	Dist. (parallax)	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(mas)	(mas)	(deg.)	(deg.)							CH₃OH (class I)	(km/s)	(K)	(K*km/s)		(arcsec)	(deg.)	Yes/No		(kpc)	(kpc)
1	+17 31 13.9	-35 44 8.9			352.630133	-1.067119	G352.630-1.067			G352.630-1.067	Image	Descr	218 GHz (I);				SMA	5.8 x 2.4	-12.3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR	0.700		3 August 2017
	+17 31 13.9	-35 44 8.9	-1.2 mas	1.6 mas	352.630133	-1.067119		1	M1	G352.630-1.067				-2.5(0.1)	1.79(0.15)	7.5(0.4)
	+17 31 15.1	-35 44 06	17998.8 mas	2901.6 mas	352.633033	-1.070071		2	M2	G352.630-1.067				1.9(0.1)	1.75(0.23)	2.4(0.2)
	+17 31 13	-35 44 08	-13501.2 mas	901.6 mas	352.628673	-1.064437		3	M3	G352.630-1.067				-3.6(0.4)	0.24(0.09)	2.4(0.4)
2	+17 31 13.9	-35 44 8.9			352.630133	-1.067119	G352.630-1.067			G352.630-1.067			229 GHz (I);				SMA	5.8 x 2.4	-12.3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR	0.700		3 August 2017
	+17 31 13.9	-35 44 8.9	-1.2 mas	1.6 mas	352.630133	-1.067119		1	M1	G352.630-1.067				-2.3(0.1)	1.56(0.10)	9.3(0.4)
	+17 31 15.1	-35 44 06	17998.8 mas	2901.6 mas	352.633033	-1.070071		2	M2	G352.630-1.067				1.1 (0.1)	6.05(0.22)	9.9(0.2)
	+17 31 13	-35 44 08	-13501.2 mas	901.6 mas	352.628673	-1.064437		3	M3	G352.630-1.067				-4.6(0.6)	0.46(0.11 )	6.0(1.1 )
3	+17 31 13.9	-35 44 8.9			352.630133	-1.067119	G352.630-1.067			G352.630-1.067			266.8 GHz (I);				SMA	4.7 x 1.9	-12.3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR	0.700		3 August 2017
	+17 31 13.9	-35 44 8.9	-1.2 mas	1.6 mas	352.630133	-1.067119		1	M1	G352.630-1.067				-2.5(0.1)	2.28(0.16)	13.4(0.7)
	+17 31 15.1	-35 44 06	17998.8 mas	2901.6 mas	352.633033	-1.070071		2	M2	G352.630-1.067				0.9(0.1)	1.62(0.15)	3.6(0.2)
	+17 31 13	-35 44 08	-13501.2 mas	901.6 mas	352.628673	-1.064437		3	M3	G352.630-1.067				-2.5(0.6)	0.48(0.12)	6.1(1.1 )
	+17 31 13	-35 44 08	-13501.2 mas	901.6 mas	352.628673	-1.064437		4	M3	G352.630-1.067				-2.1 (0.1)	0.86(0.22)	1.6(0.2)

DSS colored	2MASS colored	WISE colored
PACS color (70-160 um)	SPIRE color (250-500 um)	GLIMPSE 360
SDSS color	IRAC color I1,I2,I4	NVSS (1.4GHz)
ATLASGAL 870 um	ATLASGAL 870 um + Planck	Bolocam 1.1 mm
UKIDSS K Download UKIDSS K FITS	2MASS K Download 2MASS K FITS

select MAX(met1_data_all.ra_hms) as ra_hms,MAX(met1_data_all.dec_dms) as dec_dms,MAX(met1_data_all.source_name) as source_name,MAX(met1_data_all.ra) as ra,MAX(met1_data_all.dec) as dec,MAX(met1_data_all.l) as l,MAX(met1_data_all.b) as b,MAX(met1_data_all.grp) as grp,MAX(met1_data_all.other_name) as other_name,MAX(met1_data_all.other_desc) as other_desc,BOOL_OR(thermal) as thermal,MAX(met1_data_all.line) as line,MAX(met1_data_all.vrange) as vrange,MAX(met1_data_all.vpeak) as vpeak,MAX(met1_data_all.peak) as peak,MAX(met1_data_all.fwhm) as fwhm,MAX(met1_data_all.int) as int,MAX(met1_data_all.rms) as rms,MAX(met1_data_all.units) as units,MAX(met1_data_all.units_rms) as units_rms,MAX(met1_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(met1_data_all.telescope_ref) as telescope_ref,MAX(met1_data_all.telescope_conf) as telescope_conf,MAX(met1_data_all.v_step) as v_step,MAX(met1_data_all.beam) as beam,MAX(met1_data_all.beam_maj) as beam_maj,MAX(met1_data_all.beam_min) as beam_min,MAX(met1_data_all.beam_pa) as beam_pa,MAX(met1_data_all.ref) as ref,MAX(met1_data_all.list_ref) as list_ref,MAX(met1_data_all.ascii) as ascii,MAX(met1_data_all.url) as url,MAX(met1_data_all.image) as image,MAX(met1_data_all.image2) as image2,MAX(met1_data_all.image3) as image3,MAX(met1_data_all.descr) as descr,MAX(met1_data_all.id) as id,BOOL_OR(mjy_flag) as mjy_flag,BOOL_OR(rms_mjy_flag) as rms_mjy_flag,MAX(met1_data_all.dist) as dist,1 as dist_parallax,MAX(met1_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(line_det) as line_det,MAX(type) as type,MAX(simbad_types_cat) as simbad_types_cat FROM met1_data_all  LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON met1_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON met1_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'CHE19' AND detected=true AND hide=false GROUP BY ref

select met1_data_all.ra_hms,met1_data_all.dec_dms,met1_data_all.source_name,met1_data_all.ra,met1_data_all.dec,met1_data_all.l,met1_data_all.b,met1_data_all.grp,met1_data_all.other_name,met1_data_all.other_desc,met1_data_all.thermal,met1_data_all.line,met1_data_all.vrange,met1_data_all.vpeak,met1_data_all.peak,met1_data_all.fwhm,met1_data_all.int,met1_data_all.rms,met1_data_all.units,met1_data_all.units_rms,met1_data_all.date_txt,met1_data_all.telescope_ref,met1_data_all.telescope_conf,met1_data_all.v_step,met1_data_all.beam,met1_data_all.beam_maj,met1_data_all.beam_min,met1_data_all.beam_pa,met1_data_all.ref,met1_data_all.list_ref,met1_data_all.ascii,met1_data_all.url,met1_data_all.image,met1_data_all.image2,met1_data_all.image3,met1_data_all.descr,met1_data_all.id,met1_data_all.mjy_flag,met1_data_all.rms_mjy_flag,met1_data_all.dist,met1_data_all.dist_parallax,met1_data_all.date_txt,line_det,type,simbad_types_cat FROM met1_data_all   LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON met1_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON met1_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'CHE19' AND detected=true AND hide=false ORDER BY detected DESC,id

Display data from paper

CHE19 - Discovery of a New Class I Methanol Maser Transition at 266.8 GHz

Interferometry data

View as list of objects

Detection table from Chen et al. (2019)