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FOR89 - The spatial relationship of OH and H2O masers.

Short title: Forster & Caswell (1989)
Authors: Forster, J. R.Caswell, J. L.
Journal: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 213, p. 339-350 (1989)
Bibcode:

Non-detection table: Show non-detection table
Detection table: Show detection table (67 detection) Non-detection table: Show non-detection table (6 non-detection)
Target type: H2O,OH
Transitions: OH_1667

Abstract
The absolute positions of about 70 OH/H2O masers associated with star-forming regions were determined, using VLA, to an estimated accuracy of about 0.5 arcsec rms. The extent and displacement of OH and H2O maser emission, and the spatial relationship of the masers and compact H II regions for the sample as a whole are discussed. The observations show that the OH and H2O molecular species generally occur close together and in compact groups less than about 30 mpc in diameter. While the complex OH/H2O maser associations may be interpreted either as a dense cluster of young stars or as a collection of masing molecular clumps associated with a single star, it is argued that the latter is probably the case. A scenario for star formation is suggested, which places various types of maser associations in an evolutionary sequence.

Abstract

The absolute positions of about 70 OH/H2O masers associated with star-forming regions were determined, using VLA, to an estimated accuracy of about 0.5 arcsec rms. The extent and displacement of OH and H2O maser emission, and the spatial relationship of the masers and compact H II regions for the sample as a whole are discussed. The observations show that the OH and H2O molecular species generally occur close together and in compact groups less than about 30 mpc in diameter. While the complex OH/H2O maser associations may be interpreted either as a dense cluster of young stars or as a collection of masing molecular clumps associated with a single star, it is argued that the latter is probably the case. A scenario for star formation is suggested, which places various types of maser associations in an evolutionary sequence.

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Detection table from Forster & Caswell (1989)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	Source name	Image	Line	V_peak	F_peak	Telescope	Configuration	RMS	Beam	Detection	Class	Dist. (parallax)	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)				H₂O	(km/s)	(Jy)			(Jy)	(arcsec)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	16 51 6.2	-46 16 6.9	339.6797	-1.2089	G339.681-1.207	339.68-1.21		22 GHz;	-31.3	5	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
2	16 52 4.6	-46 08 35.2	339.8837	-1.2589	G339.884-1.259	339.88-1.26		22 GHz;	-35.3	1.3	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
3	16 48 13.8	-45 21 39.7	340.0551	-0.2427	G340.054-0.244	340.06-0.24		22 GHz;	-51	3.3	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
4	16 52 17.9	-44 26 53.3	341.2175	-0.2121	G341.218-0.212	341.22-0.21		22 GHz;	-39.6	89	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
5	16 58 17.4	-42 52 10.8	343.1264	-0.0639	G343.122-0.064	343.13-0.06		22 GHz;	-27.4	59	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
6	17 02 57.7	-41 41 51.2	344.5820	-0.0231	G344.582-0.024	344.58-0.02		22 GHz;	-4	25.9	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
7	17 05 11.2	-41 29 3.5	345.0041	-0.2237	G345.003-0.223	345.00-0.22		22 GHz;	-24	16	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
8	16 56 45.3	-40 14 3.7	345.0097	1.8020	G345.010+1.792	345.01+1.79		22 GHz;	-17.6	14.8	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
9	17 09 33.7	-41 35 52.7	345.4046	-0.9468	G345.407-0.951	345.41-0.95		22 GHz;	-24	16.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
10	17 04 23	-40 44 26.8	345.5038	0.3472	G345.505+0.348	345.51+0.35		22 GHz;	-26.9	17.7	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
11	17 06 50.9	-40 50 57.9	345.6991	-0.0901	G345.698-0.090	345.70-0.09		22 GHz;	-6	132.2	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
12	17 20 6.7	-38 57 14.6	348.7260	-1.0385	G348.720-1.039	348.70-1.04		22 GHz;	-13.4	29.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
13	17 17 0.2	-38 19 28.8	348.8917	-0.1800	G348.892-0.180	348.89-0.18		22 GHz;	6.3	1.2	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
14	17 16 50.7	-38 05 13.8	349.0672	-0.0170	G349.067-0.017	349.07-0.02		22 GHz;	6	0.8	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
15	17 16 24.5	-37 59 47.5	349.0914	0.1054	G349.092+0.106	349.09+0.11		22 GHz;	-80	46.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
16	17 17 45.4	-37 03 14.2	350.0148	0.4328	G350.015+0.433	350.02+0.43		22 GHz;	-38.7	3	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
17	17 19 24.7	-37 10 21.6	350.1076	0.0945	G350.105+0.085	350.11+0.09		22 GHz;	-62.1	0.5	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
18	17 19 57.5	-35 57 52.5	351.1606	0.6967	G351.161+0.699	351.16+0.70	Image	22 GHz;	-4.1	16.2	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
19	17 20 53.5	-35 47 00	351.4174	0.6451	G351.417+0.645	351.42+0.64		22 GHz;	-31.1	69.3	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
20	17 25 25.3	-36 12 43.5	351.5819	-0.3531	G351.581-0.353	351.58-0.35		22 GHz;	-93.7	33.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
21	17 26 42.3	-36 09 16.4	351.7744	-0.5356	G351.775-0.537	351.78-0.54		22 GHz;	12.1	78.3	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
22	17 27 11.4	-35 19 31.2	352.5178	-0.1551	G352.518-0.155	352.52-0.15		22 GHz;	-46.3	5.8	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
23	17 30 25.1	-34 41 38	353.4096	-0.3560	G353.410-0.360	353.41-0.36		22 GHz;	-20	31.2	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
24	17 26 51.6	-34 08 26.2	353.4635	0.5617	G353.464+0.562	353.46+0.56		22 GHz;	-51.6	0.7	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
25	17 30 17.1	-33 13 54.9	354.6149	0.4719	G354.615+0.472	354.61+0.47		22 GHz;	-9.8	4.7	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
26	17 33 29	-32 47 59.4	355.3435	0.1472	G355.344+0.148	355.34+0.15		22 GHz;	9.7	7.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
27	17 40 54.2	-30 22 39	358.2354	0.1146	G358.235+0.115	358.23+0.11		22 GHz;	-6	28	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +OH +SiO	EVOLVED		June 1984
28	17 43 25.7	-29 39 17.3	359.1375	0.0316	G359.137+0.031	359.14+0.03		22 GHz;	-1	110.6	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
29	17 44 40.1	-29 28 13.8	359.4358	-0.1017	G359.4363-0.1033	359.44-0.10		22 GHz;	-59	7.3	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
30	17 45 39	-29 23 30.9	359.6144	-0.2431	G359.615-0.243	359.62-0.25	Image	22 GHz;	20.6	5.3	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
31	17 47 20.3	-29 12 00	359.9695	-0.4578	G359.970-0.457	359.97-0.46		22 GHz;	19	12.6	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
32	17 46 21.3	-28 35 40.6	0.3756	0.0401	G0.3757+0.0400	0.38+0.04	Image	22 GHz;	38.9	9.8	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
33	17 50 14.5	-28 54 29.1	0.5467	-0.8511	G0.546-0.852	0.55-0.85		22 GHz;	1.5	65.6	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
34	17 50 36.1	-27 05 47.1	2.1432	0.0091	G2.143+0.009	2.14+0.01		22 GHz;	62.9	2.8	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
35	18 00 30.5	-24 04 01	5.8854	-0.3924	G5.885-0.392	5.88-0.39		22 GHz;	21.1	31.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	GALAXY		June 1984
36	18 06 19	-21 37 32.3	8.6692	-0.3560	G8.669-0.357	8.67-0.36		22 GHz;	31	6.8	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
37	18 06 14.8	-20 31 34.1	9.6208	0.1950	G9.621+0.195	9.62+0.20		22 GHz;	16.6	2.5	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
38	18 10 28.6	-19 55 49.5	10.6233	-0.3833	G10.623-0.383	10.62-0.38	Image	22 GHz;	0.001	51.5	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
39	18 09 39.8	-19 21 20.2	11.0341	0.0619	G11.034+0.062	11.03+0.06		22 GHz;	12.4	0.8	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
40	18 12 39.8	-18 24 16.7	12.2093	-0.1017	G12.209-0.107	12.22-0.12		22 GHz;	-0.5	183	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
41	18 13 54.7	-18 01 48.1	12.6801	-0.1823	G12.681-0.182	12.68-0.18		22 GHz;	58.7	242.2	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
42	18 14 39.5	-17 52 0.1	12.9085	-0.2602	G12.908-0.260	12.91-0.26		22 GHz;	37.7	7.7	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
43	18 16 26	-16 39 56.2	14.1664	-0.0603	G14.166-0.060	14.17-0.06		22 GHz;	47.6	36.6	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -OH +SiO	EVOLVED		June 1984
44	18 20 23.1	-16 11 48.2	15.0280	-0.6726	G15.033-0.674	15.03-0.68		22 GHz;	16.7	6.9	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	GALAXY		June 1984
45	18 21 9.1	-14 31 48.5	16.5852	-0.0506	G16.585-0.051	16.59-0.05		22 GHz;	60.3	46.2	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
46	18 27 38.1	-11 56 37.2	19.6092	-0.2346	G19.609-0.234	19.61-0.23	Image	22 GHz;	32.5	151.7	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
47	18 34 40.4	-09 00 38.5	23.0099	-0.4110	G23.010-0.411	23.01-0.41		22 GHz;	79	9	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
48	18 34 39.3	-08 31 38.8	23.4367	-0.1843	G23.437-0.184	23.44-0.18		22 GHz;	101.3	73.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
49	18 36 12.6	-07 12 11.3	24.7897	0.0831	G24.790+0.083	24.79+0.08		22 GHz;	110.3	81.7	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
50	18 43 46.2	-03 35 29.9	28.8619	0.0657	G28.862+0.066	28.86+0.07		22 GHz;	106.3	61.3	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
51	18 48 56.6	-01 36 43.4	31.2128	-0.1800	G31.213-0.180	31.21-0.18		22 GHz;	-37.9	20.2	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
52	18 48 45.1	-01 33 12.7	31.2431	-0.1108	G31.243-0.111	31.24-0.11		22 GHz;	18.7	289.9	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
53	18 48 11.9	-01 26 38.5	31.2775	0.0621	G31.280+0.062	31.28+0.06		22 GHz;	109	5.2	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
54	18 51 21.9	-00 12 6.2	32.7440	-0.0756	G32.744-0.076	32.74-0.07		22 GHz;	32.4	70	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
55	18 52 7.9	+00 08 12.8	33.1329	-0.0920	G33.133-0.092	33.13-0.09		22 GHz;	76.3	9.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
56	18 53 18.8	+01 14 59.6	34.2580	0.1529	G34.257+0.153	34.26+0.15		22 GHz;	60.3	368.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
57	18 54 0.6	+02 01 19.4	35.0247	0.3498	G35.025+0.350	35.03+0.35		22 GHz;	68.5	18.5	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
58	18 58 13	+01 40 37.6	35.1974	-0.7427	G35.197-0.743	35.20-0.74		22 GHz;	22.1	19.9	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
59	19 01 45.7	+01 13 35	35.2011	-1.7367	G35.200-1.737	35.20-1.74		22 GHz;	46.6	15.5	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
60	18 56 22.5	+02 20 28.1	35.5783	-0.0304	G35.578-0.030	35.58-0.03		22 GHz;	50	9.9	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
61	19 06 1.6	+06 46 36.9	40.6227	-0.1383	G40.623-0.138	40.62-0.14		22 GHz;	32.3	0.9	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
62	19 11 54	+09 35 51.2	43.7957	-0.1273	G43.795-0.127	43.80-0.13		22 GHz;	41.3	575	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
63	19 13 22.1	+10 50 53.6	45.0713	0.1323	G45.071+0.132	45.07+0.13		22 GHz;	59.3	21.2	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH -SiO	SFR		June 1984
64	19 14 7.2	+11 12 16.6	45.4727	0.1341	G45.476+0.130	45.47+0.13		22 GHz;	62.6	4.4	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
65	19 14 25.7	+11 09 25.9	45.4658	0.0451	G45.465+0.053	45.47+0.05		22 GHz;	68.6	1.3	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		June 1984
66	19 20 31.2	+13 55 24.9	48.6061	0.0230	G48.606+0.024	48.61+0.02		22 GHz;	38.5	80.8	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		June 1984
67	19 23 44	+14 30 35.2	49.4901	-0.3876	G49.488-0.387	49.49-0.39		22 GHz;	84.4	394	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH -SiO	SFR		June 1984

Non-detection table from Forster & Caswell (1989)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	Source name	Line	Telescope	Configuration	RMS	Beam	Detection	Class	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)			H₂O			(Jy)	(arcsec)	Yes/No
1	17 11 51.1	-39 09 25.4	347.6291	0.1487	G347.628+0.148	347.63+0.15	22 GHz;	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR	June 1984
2	17 19 20.4	-39 03 54.3	348.5492	-0.9793	G348.550-0.979	348.55-0.98	22 GHz;	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR	June 1984
3	17 15 50.1	-38 10 12	348.8847	0.0965	G348.885+0.096	348.89+0.10	22 GHz;	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR	June 1984
4	17 54 38.8	-25 34 44.7	3.9105	0.0012	G3.910+0.001	3.91+0.00	22 GHz;	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR	June 1984
5	18 12 11.6	-18 41 29.6	11.9041	-0.1416	G11.904-0.141	11.90-0.14	22 GHz;	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED	June 1984
6	18 27 16.8	-11 53 41	19.6122	-0.1351	G19.612-0.134	19.61-0.13	22 GHz;	NRAOVLA	A-B	0.100	3	+H₂O -CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR	June 1984

Distribution of sources in all sky (l,b)

Distribution of sources in all sky using Aladin

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Distribution of sources in IRAS color-color diagram

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Original color diagram is taken form van der Veen & Habing (1987)

Type	Description
I	Oxygen-rich non-variable stars without circumstellar shells
II	Variable stars with "young" O-rich circumstellar shells
IIIa	Variable stars with more evolved O-rich circumstellar shells
IIIb	Variable stars with thick O-rich circumstellar shells
IV	Variable stars with very thick O-rich circumstellar shells
V	Planetary nebulae and non- variable stars with very cool circumstellar shells
VIa	Variable stars with relatively cold dust at large distances; a significant part of the stars is carbon-rich
VIb	Variable stars with relatively hot dust close to the star and relatively cold dust at large distances; Some of the objects have proven to be O-rich
VII	Variable stars with more evolved C-rich circumstellar shells
VIII	Different sort of objects

Distribution of the detection velocities versus galactic longitude from FOR89

Tip: Use "Box select" or "Lasso select" to display velocity-selected sources in Aladin all-sky view