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QIA22 - 6 cm OH Masers in Northern Star Formation Regions

Short title: Qiao et al. (2022)
Authors: Qiao, Hai-HuaShen, Zhi-QiangBreen, Shari L.Yang, KaiChen, XiLi, Juan
Journal: The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 928, Issue 2, id.129, 11 pp.
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Target type: High_mass_SFR
Observations category: SF.general
Facility type: single-dish
Transitions: OH_4660,OH_4750,OH_4765

Abstract
We have used the Shanghai Tianma Radio Telescope to search for three OH transitions at 4.7 GHz toward 155 northern star formation regions. We detect 4.7 GHz OH masers in 18 star formation regions, 8 of which are reported here for the first time. From these 18 sources, we detect 6 4660 MHz masers, 13 4765 MHz masers, and no 4750 MHz masers. A further 1 source (Sgr B2N) has been re-detected with broad quasi-thermal emission in all three OH lines. W49SW was re-detected with broad quasi-thermal emission at both 4660 and 4750 MHz. One source (W31, G010.626-0.387) was re-detected with quasi-thermal emission at both 4750 and 4765 MHz. One source (G005.885-0.392) was first detected with quasi-thermal emission at 4660 MHz. We have investigated the associations between the detected 4.7 GHz OH masers with ground-state OH masers near 1.7 GHz, 6.7 GHz methanol masers and 22 GHz water masers reported in the literature. We find that the presence of 1665 MHz OH masers is a better indicator of the presence of 4.7 GHz OH masers than 1720 MHz OH masers. The majority of the 4.7 GHz OH masers are associated with 6.7 GHz methanol and/or 22 GHz water masers. We have compared the characteristics of our detections with those reported previously in the literature and found that only five sources are fairly stable.

Abstract

We have used the Shanghai Tianma Radio Telescope to search for three OH transitions at 4.7 GHz toward 155 northern star formation regions. We detect 4.7 GHz OH masers in 18 star formation regions, 8 of which are reported here for the first time. From these 18 sources, we detect 6 4660 MHz masers, 13 4765 MHz masers, and no 4750 MHz masers. A further 1 source (Sgr B2N) has been re-detected with broad quasi-thermal emission in all three OH lines. W49SW was re-detected with broad quasi-thermal emission at both 4660 and 4750 MHz. One source (W31, G010.626-0.387) was re-detected with quasi-thermal emission at both 4750 and 4765 MHz. One source (G005.885-0.392) was first detected with quasi-thermal emission at 4660 MHz. We have investigated the associations between the detected 4.7 GHz OH masers with ground-state OH masers near 1.7 GHz, 6.7 GHz methanol masers and 22 GHz water masers reported in the literature. We find that the presence of 1665 MHz OH masers is a better indicator of the presence of 4.7 GHz OH masers than 1720 MHz OH masers. The majority of the 4.7 GHz OH masers are associated with 6.7 GHz methanol and/or 22 GHz water masers. We have compared the characteristics of our detections with those reported previously in the literature and found that only five sources are fairly stable.

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Detection table from Qiao et al. (2022)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	grpv	Source name	Other name	Image	Descr.	Line	Frequency	V_range	V_peak	F_peak	Telescope	V_step	RMS	Beam	Detection	Class	Dist. (parallax)	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)				Alias			OH	(MHz)	(km/s)	(km/s)	(Jy)		(km/s)	(Jy)	(arcsec)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	17 47 20	-28 22 42	0.6719	-0.0314	G0.6666-0.0338	G0.6667-0.0337	G000.672-0.031	Sgr B2N	Image	Descr	4660 MHz;	4660	49.9;70.2	66.7	1.4	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +SiO			18 Jul 08
2	18 04 53.1	-24 26 41	6.0486	-1.4468	G6.049-1.447	G6.0490-1.4471	G006.049-1.447		Image		4765 MHz;	4765	10.4;11.9	11.6	4.7	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		18 Jul 09
3	18 12 11.6	-18 41 30	11.9040	-0.1418	G11.904-0.141	G11.9040-0.1412	G011.904-0.142		Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	41.3;42.3	41.9	0.6	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		18 Jul 10
4	18 12 39.9	-18 24 17	12.2094	-0.1021	G12.209-0.107	G12.2092-0.1021	G012.209-0.102		Image	Descr	4660 MHz;	4660	16.0;18.6	17.9	15.5	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		18 Jul 10
5	18 48 56.6	-01 36 43	31.2130	-0.1801	G31.213-0.180	G31.2128-0.1799	G031.213-0.180		Image		4660 MHz;	4660	110.7;111.5	111.1	0.3	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +OH	SFR		18 Jul 12
6	18 47 34.1	-01 12 58	31.4085	0.3063	G31.412+0.307	G31.4115+0.3071	G031.408+0.306		Image	Descr	4660 MHz;	4660	97.5;97.8	97.6	0.2	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		18 Jul 12
7	18 51 21.8	-00 12 13	32.7422	-0.0762	G32.744-0.076	G32.7439-0.0756	G032.742-0.076		Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	38.2;38.5	38.4	0.6	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		18 Jul 07
8	19 10 10.9	+09 05 18	43.1481	0.0133	G43.166+0.011	G43.1490+0.0131	G043.148+0.013	W49SW			4765 MHz;	4765	3.3;12.1	11.9	0.8	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		18 Jul 07
9	19 23 43.9	+14 30 34	49.4896	-0.3875	G49.489-0.385	G49.4897-0.3876	G049.490-0.387	W51 M/S	Image	Descr	4660 MHz;	4660	52.2;52.7	52.5	10.5	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH -SiO	SFR_MIXED		18 Jul 08
10	20 01 45.7	+33 32 45	70.2932	1.6004	G70.293+1.601	G70.2928+1.6006	G070.293+1.600	K3-50	Image		4765 MHz;	4765	-20.6;-20	-20.2	0.6	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I -CH₃OH II +OH -SiO	SFR_MIXED		18 Jul 13
11	20 01 54.1	+33 34 14	70.3296	1.5888	G70.330+1.589	G70.3293+1.5888	G070.329+1.589	ON 3	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	-20.6;-20.1	-20.1	0.3	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +OH	SFR		18 Jul 14
12	20 39 0.4	+42 24 37	81.7444	0.5909	G81.762+0.596	G81.7444+0.5910	G081.744+0.591	W75	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	1.8;5.6	3.3	14.2	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		18 Jul 09
13	20 38 36.4	+42 37 34	81.8710	0.7806	G81.871+0.781	G81.8715+0.7806	G081.871+0.781	W75N	Image		4765 MHz;	4765	7.6;9.1	8.1	44.5	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		18 Jul 09
14	21 43 1.4	+54 56 18	98.0358	1.4461	G98.035+1.446	G98.0354+1.4458	G098.036+1.446		Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	-62.4;-61.9	-62.1	0.4	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR_MIXED		18 Jul 08
15	23 13 45.3	+61 28 10	111.5420	0.7768	G111.542+0.769	G111.5421+0.7769	G111.542+0.777	NGC 7538	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	-60.9;-56.7	-58.1	1.2	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		18 Jul 07
16	02 27 3.7	+61 52 25	133.9471	1.0642	G133.947+1.064	G133.9475+1.0642	G133.947+1.064	W3(OH)	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	-46.1;-42.8	-45.1	5.8	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		18 Jul 08
17	05 39 13	+35 45 51	173.4816	2.4459	G173.482+2.446	G173.4813+2.4461	G173.482+2.446	S231	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	-17;-16.1	-16.3	3.4	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		18 Jul 11
18	06 07 47.8	-06 22 57	213.7049	-12.5972	G213.705-12.597	G213.7049-12.5970	G213.705-12.597	Mon R2	Image	Descr	4765 MHz;	4765	10.3;11.3	10.9	22.6	TMRT	0.09	0.100	204	+H₂O +CH₃OH I +CH₃OH II +OH	SFR		18 Jul 07

Non-detection table from Qiao et al. (2022)