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HUT03 - OH masers, molecular outflows and magnetic fields in NGC 7538

Interferometry data

Short title: Hutawarakorn & Cohen (2003)
Authors: Hutawarakorn, B.Cohen, R. J.
Journal: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 345, Issue 1, pp. 175-185.
Bibcode:
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Target type: High_mass_SFR
Observations category: SF.general
Facility type: interferometer
Transitions: OH_1665,OH_1667,OH_1720

Abstract
The multi-element radio-linked interferometer network (MERLIN) measurements of 1665-, 1667- and 1720-MHz OH masers associated with NGC 7538 are presented. The masers are located at the centres of three bipolar molecular outflows associated with the infrared sources IRS 1, IRS 9 and IRS 11. The distribution of OH masers in IRS 1 is more extensive than previously reported and is displaced to the south of the methanol 6.7-GHz masers. The OH masers in IRS 9 have not previously been reported. Their distribution seems to be orthogonal to the direction of the outflow and to the distribution of H₂O masers. The maser distribution in IRS 11 is parallel to the dust ridge and orthogonal to the outflow. Full polarization measurements of the OH maser emission show systematic differences between the three sources. IRS 1 has moderate polarization, with linear polarization vectors partially aligned with the bipolar outflow; IRS 9 exhibits larger polarization, but little linear component; IRS 11 shows the strongest polarization and has linear polarization vectors aligned parallel to the outflow. There is also evidence for a toroidal component of the magnetic field around the IRS 11 outflow, orthogonal to the outflow direction. It is suggested that the differences in polarization trace a possible evolutionary sequence from oldest (IRS 1) to youngest (IRS 11).

Abstract

The multi-element radio-linked interferometer network (MERLIN) measurements of 1665-, 1667- and 1720-MHz OH masers associated with NGC 7538 are presented. The masers are located at the centres of three bipolar molecular outflows associated with the infrared sources IRS 1, IRS 9 and IRS 11. The distribution of OH masers in IRS 1 is more extensive than previously reported and is displaced to the south of the methanol 6.7-GHz masers. The OH masers in IRS 9 have not previously been reported. Their distribution seems to be orthogonal to the direction of the outflow and to the distribution of H₂O masers. The maser distribution in IRS 11 is parallel to the dust ridge and orthogonal to the outflow. Full polarization measurements of the OH maser emission show systematic differences between the three sources. IRS 1 has moderate polarization, with linear polarization vectors partially aligned with the bipolar outflow; IRS 9 exhibits larger polarization, but little linear component; IRS 11 shows the strongest polarization and has linear polarization vectors aligned parallel to the outflow. There is also evidence for a toroidal component of the magnetic field around the IRS 11 outflow, orthogonal to the outflow direction. It is suggested that the differences in polarization trace a possible evolutionary sequence from oldest (IRS 1) to youngest (IRS 11).

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Detection table from Hutawarakorn & Cohen (2003)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	RA offset	Dec offset	l	b	Group id	grpv	#	Source name	Image	Line	Frequency	V_peak	F_peak	Telescope	V_step	RMS	Beam	Detection	Dist. (parallax)	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(mas)	(mas)	(deg.)	(deg.)						OH	(MHz)	(km/s)	(Jy/beam)		(km/s)	(mJy/beam)	(arcsec)	Yes/No	(kpc)
1	+23 13 45.3664	+61 28 10.6159			111.542148	0.776951	G111.542+0.775	G111.5421+0.7769		NGC 7538 IRS 1	Image	1665 MHz;	1665	-61.57 .. -55.27	0.08 .. 40.24	MERLIN	0.21	20.000	0.135	+OH		1993 Dec 13
	+23 13 45.3471	+61 28 10.2976	-291 mas	-320 mas	111.542079	0.776883			1	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-59.39	40.24
	+23 13 45.3669	+61 28 10.0906	6 mas	-527 mas	111.542095	0.776815			2	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-58.99	3.32
	+23 13 45.3786	+61 28 9.7546	182 mas	-863 mas	111.542082	0.776719			3	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-58.15	0.22
	+23 13 45.3771	+61 28 9.5296	160 mas	-1088 mas	111.542057	0.776662			4	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-58.02	0.08
	+23 13 45.3755	+61 28 10.2936	136 mas	-324 mas	111.542132	0.776861			5	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-58.02	0.18
	+23 13 45.3898	+61 28 9.6746	350 mas	-943 mas	111.542095	0.776691			6	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-57.97	0.27
	+23 13 45.3451	+61 28 10.1846	-321 mas	-433 mas	111.542064	0.776855			7	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-56.03	0.15
	+23 13 45.3531	+61 28 10.0836	-201 mas	-534 mas	111.542069	0.776823			8	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-61.57	0.13
	+23 13 45.3387	+61 28 10.1356	-416 mas	-482 mas	111.542047	0.776847			9	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-60.39	0.27
	+23 13 45.3719	+61 28 10.4286	82 mas	-189 mas	111.542139	0.776898			10	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-59.64	0.18
	+23 13 45.2748	+61 28 10.2606	-1375 mas	-357 mas	111.541942	0.776926			11	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-59.53	0.15
	+23 13 45.3471	+61 28 10.2986	-291 mas	-319 mas	111.542080	0.776883			12	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-59.39	10.68
	+23 13 45.3666	+61 28 10.0886	2 mas	-529 mas	111.542094	0.776814			13	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-59.04	2.33
	+23 13 45.3765	+61 28 9.4806	150 mas	-1137 mas	111.542050	0.776650			14	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-58.21	0.26
	+23 13 45.3771	+61 28 9.7366	160 mas	-881 mas	111.542078	0.776716			15	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-58.05	0.38
	+23 13 45.3888	+61 28 9.7026	335 mas	-915 mas	111.542096	0.776698			16	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-57.88	0.29
	+23 13 45.3817	+61 28 9.4056	228 mas	-1212 mas	111.542052	0.776627			17	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1665	-55.27	0.15
2	+23 13 45.3664	+61 28 10.6159			111.542148	0.776951	G111.542+0.775	G111.5421+0.7769		NGC 7538 IRS 1	Image	1667 MHz;	1667	-59.52 .. -50.49	0.1 .. 5.06	MERLIN	0.21	20.000	0.135	+OH		1993 Dec 13
	+23 13 45.3471	+61 28 10.2536	-290 mas	-364 mas	111.542075	0.776871			1	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-59.48	5.06
	+23 13 45.3521	+61 28 10.0086	-216 mas	-609 mas	111.542059	0.776804			2	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-59.27	0.25
	+23 13 45.3673	+61 28 10.0486	12 mas	-569 mas	111.542091	0.776804			3	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-59.15	2.12
	+23 13 45.333	+61 28 10.2346	-502 mas	-383 mas	111.542047	0.776877			4	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-59.12	0.16
	+23 13 45.3743	+61 28 10.2966	118 mas	-321 mas	111.542130	0.776862			5	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-58.48	0.25
	+23 13 45.4373	+61 28 8.4916	1063 mas	-2126 mas	111.542062	0.776350			6	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-50.49	0.1
	+23 13 45.3472	+61 28 10.2546	-289 mas	-363 mas	111.542075	0.776872			7	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-59.52	2.5
	+23 13 45.3544	+61 28 9.9836	-181 mas	-634 mas	111.542061	0.776796			8	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-59.27	0.39
	+23 13 45.374	+61 28 10.2826	113 mas	-335 mas	111.542128	0.776859			9	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-59.25	0.44
	+23 13 45.3674	+61 28 10.0516	14 mas	-566 mas	111.542092	0.776804			10	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1667	-59.16	1.56
3	+23 13 45.3664	+61 28 10.6159			111.542148	0.776951	G111.542+0.775	G111.5421+0.7769		NGC 7538 IRS 1	Image	1720 MHz;	1720	-59.28 .. -51.17	0.15 .. 14.74	MERLIN	0.21	20.000	0.135	+OH		1993 Dec 13
	+23 13 45.3531	+61 28 9.7086	-200 mas	-909 mas	111.542030	0.776726			1	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1720	-59.25	3.09
	+23 13 45.2369	+61 28 9.9686	-1944 mas	-649 mas	111.541842	0.776878			2	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1720	-58.7	0.18
	+23 13 45.3673	+61 28 9.5826	12 mas	-1035 mas	111.542044	0.776683			3	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1720	-56.97	9.21
	+23 13 45.3533	+61 28 9.7086	-197 mas	-909 mas	111.542031	0.776726			4	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1720	-59.28	2.08
	+23 13 45.3627	+61 28 9.3676	-57 mas	-1250 mas	111.542013	0.776631			5	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1720	-57.56	0.25
	+23 13 45.3409	+61 28 9.3646	-384 mas	-1253 mas	111.541973	0.776646			6	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1720	-57.37	0.49
	+23 13 45.3676	+61 28 9.5796	17 mas	-1038 mas	111.542044	0.776682			7	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1720	-57.35	14.74
	+23 13 45.3381	+61 28 9.0676	-426 mas	-1550 mas	111.541937	0.776572			8	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1720	-57.31	0.84
	+23 13 45.3653	+61 28 9.4836	-18 mas	-1134 mas	111.542030	0.776659			9	NGC 7538 IRS 1			1720	-51.17	0.15
4	+23 14 1.6822	+61 27 19.9578			111.567183	0.751928	G111.542+0.775	G111.5673+0.7518		NGC 7538 IRS 9	Image	1665 MHz;	1665	-66.62 .. -51.59	0.1 .. 0.29	MERLIN	0.21	20.000	0.135	+OH		1993 Dec 13
	+23 14 1.72616	+61 27 19.8734	660 mas	-85 mas	111.567256	0.751874			1	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1665	-66.62	0.22
	+23 14 1.72523	+61 27 19.8374	646 mas	-121 mas	111.567251	0.751866			2	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1665	-66.01	0.25
	+23 14 1.73703	+61 27 19.7634	823 mas	-195 mas	111.567265	0.751838			3	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1665	-54.11	0.29
	+23 14 1.73769	+61 27 19.4194	833 mas	-539 mas	111.567231	0.751749			4	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1665	-52.72	0.1
	+23 14 1.73589	+61 27 19.5814	806 mas	-377 mas	111.567245	0.751792			5	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1665	-52.13	0.16
	+23 14 1.73589	+61 27 19.6284	806 mas	-330 mas	111.567249	0.751804			6	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1665	-51.59	0.14
	+23 14 1.86689	+61 27 19.4804	2771 mas	-478 mas	111.567477	0.751670			7	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1665	-66.48	0.13
	+23 14 1.72589	+61 27 19.6744	656 mas	-284 mas	111.567235	0.751823			8	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1665	-65.92	0.16
	+23 14 1.80429	+61 27 19.6104	1832 mas	-348 mas	111.567374	0.751749			9	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1665	-62.02	0.15
5	+23 14 1.6822	+61 27 19.9578			111.567183	0.751928	G111.542+0.775	G111.5673+0.7518		NGC 7538 IRS 9	Image	1720 MHz;	1720	-55.63 .. -52.79	0.32 .. 1.31	MERLIN	0.21	20.000	0.135	+OH		1993 Dec 13
	+23 14 2.37729	+61 27 20.9764	10427 mas	1018 mas	111.568575	0.751684			1	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1720	-55.63	1.31
	+23 14 1.73949	+61 27 21.3824	860 mas	1424 mas	111.567435	0.752255			2	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1720	-52.89	0.32
	+23 14 2.37823	+61 27 20.9764	10441 mas	1018 mas	111.568576	0.751683			3	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1720	-55.04	0.94
	+23 14 1.73956	+61 27 21.3874	861 mas	1429 mas	111.567435	0.752256			4	NGC 7538 IRS 9			1720	-52.79	0.36
6	+23 13 45.0973	+61 26 49.8118			111.533389	0.756277	G111.542+0.775	G111.5330+0.7576		NGC 7538 IRS 11	Image	1665 MHz;	1665	-61.8 .. -51.79	0.09 .. 1.74	MERLIN	0.21	20.000	0.135	+OH		1993 Dec 13
	+23 13 45.0532	+61 26 49.771	-660 mas	-41 mas	111.533303	0.756299			1	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-60.69	0.29
	+23 13 45.1349	+61 26 50.541	566 mas	729 mas	111.533533	0.756438			2	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-57.63	0.9
	+23 13 45.0381	+61 26 49.528	-886 mas	-284 mas	111.533251	0.756247			3	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-57.16	0.11
	+23 13 45.0543	+61 26 49.435	-643 mas	-377 mas	111.533271	0.756211			4	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-54.66	0.27
	+23 13 45.0583	+61 26 49.505	-583 mas	-307 mas	111.533286	0.756227			5	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-54.34	1.58
	+23 13 45.0552	+61 26 49.243	-630 mas	-569 mas	111.533253	0.756161			6	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-53.99	0.37
	+23 13 45.07	+61 26 49.788	-408 mas	-24 mas	111.533336	0.756291			7	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-53.34	0.11
	+23 13 45.0699	+61 26 49.739	-410 mas	-73 mas	111.533331	0.756279			8	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-51.79	0.22
	+23 13 45.0481	+61 26 49.774	-737 mas	-38 mas	111.533294	0.756304			9	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-61.8	0.22
	+23 13 45.0537	+61 26 49.769	-652 mas	-43 mas	111.533304	0.756298			10	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-60.65	0.72
	+23 13 45.135	+61 26 50.541	567 mas	729 mas	111.533533	0.756438			11	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-57.65	0.77
	+23 13 45.0684	+61 26 49.745	-432 mas	-67 mas	111.533329	0.756281			12	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-54.74	0.37
	+23 13 45.0468	+61 26 49.023	-756 mas	-789 mas	111.533215	0.756111			13	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-53.96	0.16
	+23 13 45.0484	+61 26 49.235	-732 mas	-577 mas	111.533240	0.756164			14	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-53.85	0.09
	+23 13 45.0582	+61 26 49.512	-585 mas	-300 mas	111.533286	0.756229			15	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-52.9	1.74
	+23 13 45.0042	+61 26 49.247	-1395 mas	-565 mas	111.533159	0.756200			16	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-52.77	0.13
	+23 13 45.055	+61 26 49.252	-633 mas	-560 mas	111.533254	0.756164			17	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1665	-52.61	0.63
7	+23 13 45.0973	+61 26 49.8118			111.533389	0.756277	G111.542+0.775	G111.5330+0.7576		NGC 7538 IRS 11	Image	1667 MHz;	1667	-58.05 .. -57.21	0.05 .. 0.15	MERLIN	0.21	20.000	0.135	+OH		1993 Dec 13
	+23 13 45.1409	+61 26 50.509	656 mas	697 mas	111.533541	0.756425			1	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1667	-58.05	0.1
	+23 13 45.149	+61 26 50.739	777 mas	927 mas	111.533580	0.756479			2	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1667	-57.9	0.05
	+23 13 45.0374	+61 26 49.502	-897 mas	-310 mas	111.533247	0.756241			3	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1667	-57.21	0.15
	+23 13 45.1403	+61 26 50.547	647 mas	735 mas	111.533544	0.756436			4	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1667	-58.01	0.12
	+23 13 45.1491	+61 26 50.757	779 mas	945 mas	111.533582	0.756483			5	NGC 7538 IRS 11			1667	-57.92	0.07

DSS colored	2MASS colored	WISE colored
PACS color (70-160 um)	SPIRE color (250-500 um)	GLIMPSE 360
SDSS color	IRAC color I1,I2,I4	NVSS (1.4GHz)
ATLASGAL 870 um	ATLASGAL 870 um + Planck	Bolocam 1.1 mm

select MAX(oh_data_all.ra_hms) as ra_hms,MAX(oh_data_all.dec_dms) as dec_dms,MAX(oh_data_all.source_name) as source_name,MAX(oh_data_all.ra) as ra,MAX(oh_data_all.dec) as dec,MAX(oh_data_all.l) as l,MAX(oh_data_all.b) as b,MAX(oh_data_all.grp) as grp,MAX(oh_data_all.grpv) as grpv,MAX(oh_data_all.other_name) as other_name,MAX(oh_data_all.other_desc) as other_desc,BOOL_OR(thermal) as thermal,MAX(oh_data_all.line) as line,MAX(oh_data_all.freq) as freq,MAX(oh_data_all.pol) as pol,MAX(oh_data_all.vrange) as vrange,MAX(oh_data_all.vpeak) as vpeak,MAX(oh_data_all.peak) as peak,MAX(oh_data_all.fwhm) as fwhm,MAX(oh_data_all.int) as int,MAX(oh_data_all.rms) as rms,MAX(oh_data_all.units) as units,MAX(oh_data_all.units_rms) as units_rms,MAX(oh_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(oh_data_all.telescope_ref) as telescope_ref,MAX(oh_data_all.telescope_conf) as telescope_conf,MAX(oh_data_all.v_step) as v_step,MAX(oh_data_all.beam) as beam,MAX(oh_data_all.beam_maj) as beam_maj,MAX(oh_data_all.beam_min) as beam_min,MAX(oh_data_all.beam_pa) as beam_pa,MAX(oh_data_all.ref) as ref,MAX(oh_data_all.list_ref) as list_ref,MAX(oh_data_all.ascii) as ascii,MAX(oh_data_all.url) as url,MAX(oh_data_all.image) as image,MAX(oh_data_all.image2) as image2,MAX(oh_data_all.image3) as image3,MAX(oh_data_all.descr) as descr,MAX(oh_data_all.id) as id,BOOL_OR(mjy_flag) as mjy_flag,BOOL_OR(rms_mjy_flag) as rms_mjy_flag,MAX(oh_data_all.dist) as dist,1 as dist_parallax,MAX(oh_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(line_det) as line_det,MAX(type) as type,MAX(simbad_types_cat) as simbad_types_cat FROM oh_data_all  LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON oh_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON oh_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'HUT03' AND detected=true AND hide=false GROUP BY ref

select oh_data_all.ra_hms,oh_data_all.dec_dms,oh_data_all.source_name,oh_data_all.ra,oh_data_all.dec,oh_data_all.l,oh_data_all.b,oh_data_all.grp,oh_data_all.grpv,oh_data_all.other_name,oh_data_all.other_desc,oh_data_all.thermal,oh_data_all.line,oh_data_all.freq,oh_data_all.pol,oh_data_all.vrange,oh_data_all.vpeak,oh_data_all.peak,oh_data_all.fwhm,oh_data_all.int,oh_data_all.rms,oh_data_all.units,oh_data_all.units_rms,oh_data_all.date_txt,oh_data_all.telescope_ref,oh_data_all.telescope_conf,oh_data_all.v_step,oh_data_all.beam,oh_data_all.beam_maj,oh_data_all.beam_min,oh_data_all.beam_pa,oh_data_all.ref,oh_data_all.list_ref,oh_data_all.ascii,oh_data_all.url,oh_data_all.image,oh_data_all.image2,oh_data_all.image3,oh_data_all.descr,oh_data_all.id,oh_data_all.mjy_flag,oh_data_all.rms_mjy_flag,oh_data_all.dist,oh_data_all.dist_parallax,oh_data_all.date_txt,line_det,type,simbad_types_cat FROM oh_data_all   LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON oh_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' LEFT JOIN transitions ON oh_data_all.line=transitions."Line"  WHERE ref ilike 'HUT03' AND detected=true AND hide=false ORDER BY detected DESC,id

Display data from paper

HUT03 - OH masers, molecular outflows and magnetic fields in NGC 7538

Interferometry data

View as list of objects

Detection table from Hutawarakorn & Cohen (2003)