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NAK87 - Water maser emission toward V788 Cygni - A carbon star

Short title: Nakada et al. (1987)
Authors: Nakada, Y. Izumiura, H. Onaka, T. Hashimoto, O. Ukita, N. Deguchi, S. Tanabe, T.
Journal: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters to the Editor (ISSN 0004-637X), vol. 323, Dec. 1, 1987, p. L77-L80.
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Non-detection table: Show non-detection table
Detection table: Show detection table (0 detection) Non-detection table: Show non-detection table (15 non-detection)

Abstract
Radio emission lines of H₂O, SiO, HCN, and CO have been searched in the circumstellar envelopes of carbon stars which exhibit the 10 mum silicate feature in the IRAS low-resolution spectra. Water maser emission at 22 GHz has been detected in V778 Cyg. No other emission has been detected in the carbon stars BM Gem, V778 Cyg, and EU And. Two competing interpretations for this curious association of the silicate feature and the water maser with the carbon star, the transient stage hypothesis and the binary one, are examined based upon the present observations. Five other carbon stars and two S stars were also observed for comparison.

Abstract

Radio emission lines of H₂O, SiO, HCN, and CO have been searched in the circumstellar envelopes of carbon stars which exhibit the 10 mum silicate feature in the IRAS low-resolution spectra. Water maser emission at 22 GHz has been detected in V778 Cyg. No other emission has been detected in the carbon stars BM Gem, V778 Cyg, and EU And. Two competing interpretations for this curious association of the silicate feature and the water maser with the carbon star, the transient stage hypothesis and the binary one, are examined based upon the present observations. Five other carbon stars and two S stars were also observed for comparison.

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Non-detection table from Nakada et al. (1987)

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	l	b	Group id	Source name	Line	T_a	Date	Telescope	List	Detection	Class	Ref.
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(deg.)	(deg.)			SiO	(K)				Yes/No
1	07 20 58.3	+24 59 59.5	193.1641	17.2392	G193.164+17.239	IRAS07179+2505	SiO J=1-0 v=0;	< 0.05	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	-H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
2	07 20 58.3	+24 59 59.5	193.1641	17.2392	G193.164+17.239	IRAS07179+2505	SiO J=1-0 v=1;	< 0.05	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	-H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
3	07 20 58.3	+24 59 59.5	193.1641	17.2392	G193.164+17.239	IRAS07179+2505	SiO J=1-0 v=2;	< 0.04	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	-H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
4	07 20 58.3	+24 59 59.5	193.1641	17.2392	G193.164+17.239	IRAS07179+2505	SiO J=2-1 v=0;	< 0.37	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	-H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
5	07 20 58.3	+24 59 59.5	193.1641	17.2392	G193.164+17.239	IRAS07179+2505	SiO J=2-1 v=1;	< 0.20	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	-H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
6	20 36 7.7	+60 05 25.3	95.7582	11.5084	G95.758+11.509	IRAS20350+5954	SiO J=1-0 v=0;	< 0.10	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O +OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
7	20 36 7.7	+60 05 25.3	95.7582	11.5084	G95.758+11.509	IRAS20350+5954	SiO J=1-0 v=1;	< 0.11	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O +OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
8	20 36 7.7	+60 05 25.3	95.7582	11.5084	G95.758+11.509	IRAS20350+5954	SiO J=1-0 v=2;	< 0.09	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O +OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
9	20 36 7.7	+60 05 25.3	95.7582	11.5084	G95.758+11.509	IRAS20350+5954	SiO J=2-1 v=0;	< 0.18	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O +OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
10	20 36 7.7	+60 05 25.3	95.7582	11.5084	G95.758+11.509	IRAS20350+5954	SiO J=2-1 v=1;	< 0.16	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O +OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
11	23 19 58.2	+47 14 27.9	107.2338	-12.8235	G107.236-12.824	IRAS23176+4658	SiO J=1-0 v=0;	< 0.15	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
12	23 19 58.2	+47 14 27.9	107.2338	-12.8235	G107.236-12.824	IRAS23176+4658	SiO J=1-0 v=1;	< 0.15	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
13	23 19 58.2	+47 14 27.9	107.2338	-12.8235	G107.236-12.824	IRAS23176+4658	SiO J=1-0 v=2;	< 0.14	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
14	23 19 58.2	+47 14 27.9	107.2338	-12.8235	G107.236-12.824	IRAS23176+4658	SiO J=2-1 v=0;	< 0.37	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87
15	23 19 58.2	+47 14 27.9	107.2338	-12.8235	G107.236-12.824	IRAS23176+4658	SiO J=2-1 v=1;	< 0.20	1987-05-23	NRO	NRO	+H₂O -OH -SiO	EVOLVED	NAK87

Distribution of sources in all sky (l,b)

Distribution of sources in all sky using Aladin

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Distribution of sources in IRAS color-color diagram

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Original color diagram is taken form van der Veen & Habing (1987)

Type	Description
I	Oxygen-rich non-variable stars without circumstellar shells
II	Variable stars with "young" O-rich circumstellar shells
IIIa	Variable stars with more evolved O-rich circumstellar shells
IIIb	Variable stars with thick O-rich circumstellar shells
IV	Variable stars with very thick O-rich circumstellar shells
V	Planetary nebulae and non- variable stars with very cool circumstellar shells
VIa	Variable stars with relatively cold dust at large distances; a significant part of the stars is carbon-rich
VIb	Variable stars with relatively hot dust close to the star and relatively cold dust at large distances; Some of the objects have proven to be O-rich
VII	Variable stars with more evolved C-rich circumstellar shells
VIII	Different sort of objects

Distribution of the detection velocities versus galactic longitude from NAK87

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Longitude-Velocity Map is taken form Dame, Hartmann & Thaddeus (2001)

Distribution of sources from NAK87 in (l,b) histograms

DSS colored	2MASS colored	WISE colored
SDSS color	IRAC color I1,I2,I4	GLIMPSE 360
PACS color (70-160 um)	SPIRE color (250-500 um)	NVSS (1.4GHz)
ATLASGAL 870 um	ATLASGAL 870 um + Planck	Bolocam 1.1 mm
UKIDSS K Download UKIDSS K FITS	2MASS K Download 2MASS K FITS

select MAX(sio_data_all.ra_hms) as ra_hms,MAX(sio_data_all.dec_dms) as dec_dms,MAX(sio_data_all.source_name) as source_name,MAX(sio_data_all.ra) as ra,MAX(sio_data_all.dec) as dec,MAX(sio_data_all.l) as l,MAX(sio_data_all.b) as b,MAX(sio_data_all.grp) as grp,MAX(sio_data_all.other_name) as other_name,MAX(sio_data_all.other_desc) as other_desc,BOOL_OR(thermal) as thermal,MAX(sio_data_all.line) as line,MAX(sio_data_all.vrange) as vrange,MAX(sio_data_all.vpeak) as vpeak,MAX(sio_data_all.peak) as peak,MAX(sio_data_all.fwhm) as fwhm,MAX(sio_data_all.int) as int,MAX(sio_data_all.rms) as rms,MAX(sio_data_all.units) as units,MAX(sio_data_all.units_rms) as units_rms,MAX(sio_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(sio_data_all.telescope_ref) as telescope_ref,MAX(sio_data_all.telescope_conf) as telescope_conf,MAX(sio_data_all.v_step) as v_step,MAX(sio_data_all.beam) as beam,MAX(sio_data_all.beam_maj) as beam_maj,MAX(sio_data_all.beam_min) as beam_min,MAX(sio_data_all.beam_pa) as beam_pa,MAX(sio_data_all.ref) as ref,MAX(sio_data_all.list_ref) as list_ref,MAX(sio_data_all.ascii) as ascii,MAX(sio_data_all.url) as url,MAX(sio_data_all.image) as image,MAX(sio_data_all.image2) as image2,MAX(sio_data_all.image3) as image3,MAX(sio_data_all.descr) as descr,MAX(sio_data_all.id) as id,BOOL_OR(mjy_flag) as mjy_flag,BOOL_OR(rms_mjy_flag) as rms_mjy_flag,MAX(sio_data_all.dist) as dist,1 as dist_parallax,MAX(sio_data_all.date_txt) as date_txt,MAX(line_det) as line_det,MAX(type) as type,MAX(simbad_types_cat) as simbad_types_cat FROM sio_data_all  LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON sio_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' WHERE ref ilike 'NAK87' AND detected=true AND hide=false GROUP BY ref

select sio_data_all.ra_hms,sio_data_all.dec_dms,sio_data_all.source_name,sio_data_all.ra,sio_data_all.dec,sio_data_all.l,sio_data_all.b,sio_data_all.grp,sio_data_all.other_name,sio_data_all.other_desc,sio_data_all.thermal,sio_data_all.line,sio_data_all.vrange,sio_data_all.vpeak,sio_data_all.peak,sio_data_all.fwhm,sio_data_all.int,sio_data_all.rms,sio_data_all.units,sio_data_all.units_rms,sio_data_all.date_txt,sio_data_all.telescope_ref,sio_data_all.telescope_conf,sio_data_all.v_step,sio_data_all.beam,sio_data_all.beam_maj,sio_data_all.beam_min,sio_data_all.beam_pa,sio_data_all.ref,sio_data_all.list_ref,sio_data_all.ascii,sio_data_all.url,sio_data_all.image,sio_data_all.image2,sio_data_all.image3,sio_data_all.descr,sio_data_all.id,sio_data_all.mjy_flag,sio_data_all.rms_mjy_flag,sio_data_all.dist,sio_data_all.dist_parallax,sio_data_all.date_txt,line_det,type,simbad_types_cat FROM sio_data_all   LEFT JOIN all_objects_withmet ON sio_data_all.grp=all_objects_withmet.group_name LEFT JOIN object_categories ON all_objects_withmet.group_name = object_categories.group_name_cat AND object_categories.tbl_cat = 'all_objects_withmet' WHERE ref ilike 'NAK87' AND detected=true AND hide=false ORDER BY detected DESC,id