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• Target type: High_mass_SFR
  Transitions: CH3OH_44(I),CH3OH_95(I),CH3OH_6(II),CH3OH_12(II),CH3OH_108(II),CH3OH_157(II)
  

• Abstract

  We present interferometric observations with ~3.5'' resolution of the 2_k_->1_k_ methanol lines towards the methanol masers in the DR21/DR21(OH) complex. These transitions are not masing and hence our measurements can be used to place limits on the methanol mass associated with the maser spots. We do not find in general good correlation between the peaks of 'non-maser' methanol emission and the positions of Class I methanol masers. In particular, we put an upper limit on 2_k_->1_k_ emission towards the 8_0_->7_1_A^+^ maser DR21(OH)-1 from Plambeck and Menten (1990) (hereafter PM90). We do find however evidence for coincidence between the peak of the 2_1_->1_1_E emission in our map with the Class I masers towards DR21-W. We conclude that methanol Class I masers are likely to originate in a region considerably smaller than our synthesised beam (3.5'') and with methanol column density of order 10^16^cm^-2^. It seems reasonable that they might form in regions of diameter 1000AU and mass 0.01Msun_. Our data also show differences between the distribution of methanol and that of other species which suggest large spatial variations in the methanol abundance. In particular, we see evidence for high methanol column density towards the submillimeter continuum source DR21(OH)-MM1. In the western lobe of the DR21 outflow, the thermal methanol emission appears to be 'sandwiched' between vibrationally excited H_2_ emission, tracing the outflow shock front, and CS emission tracing the dense ambient medium. This is consistent with the idea that methanol can be enhanced in shock regions, where the outflow impinges on the surrounding dense molecular clumps, releasing methanol from dust grain ice mantles.

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ID	Obs. RA	Obs. Dec	RA offset	Dec offset	l	b	Group id	#	Maser spot	Source name	Image	Line	Thermal	Vpeak	Ta	Major	Minor	PA	Telescope	Beam	Detection	Class	Dist. (parallax)	Date
	(J2000)	(J2000)	(mas)	(mas)	(deg.)	(deg.)						CH3OH (class I)	line mark	(km/s)	(K)	(arcsec)	(arcsec)	(deg.)		(arcsec)	Yes/No		(kpc)
1	+20 39 0.137182	+42 22 46.4091			81.719537	0.572829	G81.711+0.563			DR 21(OH)	Image	2(0)->1(0)_A+;	*	-5.1 .. -0.2	8 .. 74				IRAM_inter	3.5	+H2O +CH3OH I +CH3OH II +OH -SiO	SFR		June and September 1993
	+20 39 0.177568	+42 22 45.8114	604.325 mas	-597.437 mas	81.719480	0.572630		1	1 (DR 21(OH)-2)	DR 21(OH)				-1.1	14 (5)	8.100	6.500	110.000
	+20 39 0.35789	+42 22 46.2215	3309.15 mas	-187.312 mas	81.719908	0.572259		2	2 (MM2)	DR 21(OH)				-0.2	18 (5)	9.600	7.800	45.000
	+20 39 1.18894	+42 22 49.0682	15774.9 mas	2659.36 mas	81.722092	0.570709		3	3 (MM1)	DR 21(OH)				-3.4	74 (52)	5.400	4.300	58.000
	+20 39 1.69317	+42 22 42.8964	23338.4 mas	-3512.41 mas	81.721675	0.568434		4	4 (DR 21(OH)-4)	DR 21(OH)				-5.1	11 (1)	7.300	4.400	46.000
	+20 39 0.460639	+42 22 40.8272	4850.38 mas	-5581.61 mas	81.718911	0.571096		5	5	DR 21(OH)				-0.8	13 (1)	9.300	5.300	84.000
	+20 39 2.07212	+42 22 25.6174	29022.5 mas	-20791.4 mas	81.718575	0.564589		6	6	DR 21(OH)				-2.4	8 (2)	5.100	3.200	135.000
	+20 38 59.0048	+42 22 22.7453	-16987.6 mas	-23663.5 mas	81.712198	0.571599		7	7 (DR 21(OH)W-A)	DR 21(OH)				-1.9	11 (4)	10.600	5.000	45.000
	+20 39 1.85839	+42 22 54.4058	25816.7 mas	7997 mas	81.724522	0.569975		8	8	DR 21(OH)				-3.9	9 (3)	6.300	4.400	53.000
	+20 38 58.9065	+42 22 40.34	-18462 mas	-6068.85 mas	81.715894	0.574811		9	9	DR 21(OH)				-4.5	11 (2)	7.300	5.600	78.000
	+20 39 1.4708	+42 22 24.7837	20002.8 mas	-21625.1 mas	81.717265	0.565917		10	10	DR 21(OH)				-3.7	9 (5)	3.700	3.400	46.000
2	+20 38 54.8052	+42 19 22.1073			81.664497	0.551354	G81.711+0.563			DR 21-W		2(0)->1(0)_A+;	*	-5.3 .. -1.1	6 .. 12				IRAM_inter	3.5	+H2O +CH3OH I +CH3OH II +OH -SiO	SFR		June and September 1993
	+20 38 54.8747	+42 19 23.7112	1042.28 mas	1602.44 mas	81.664981	0.551455		1	1	DR 21-W				-1.9	9 (2)	7.100	5.100	45.000
	+20 38 54.8655	+42 19 21.9107	904.188 mas	-198.099 mas	81.664567	0.551174		2	2	DR 21-W				-1.1	12 (3)	5.100	3.400	45.000
	+20 38 55.4148	+42 19 26.7416	9144.39 mas	4632.8 mas	81.666661	0.550646		3	3	DR 21-W				-5.3	8 (3)	8.300	4.000	79.000
	+20 38 53.7069	+42 19 11.6455	-16474.6 mas	-10463.3 mas	81.660133	0.552274		4	4	DR 21-W				-2.1	10 (2)	11.100	6.200	45.000
	+20 38 54.294	+42 19 21.6786	-7668.35 mas	-430.188 mas	81.663445	0.552532		5	5	DR 21-W				-2.7	7 (2)	5.800	4.500	66.000
	+20 38 55.1025	+42 19 29.8241	4460.16 mas	7715.31 mas	81.666756	0.551930		6	6	DR 21-W				-5	7 (2)	7.300	3.600	152.000
	+20 38 54.2762	+42 19 16.5776	-7934.27 mas	-5531.24 mas	81.662287	0.551714		7	7	DR 21-W				-3.3	6 (3)	14.200	6.100	177.000
	+20 38 53.4375	+42 19 8.63037	-20515.4 mas	-13478.4 mas	81.658963	0.552424		8	8	DR 21-W				-1.5	6 (3)	3.800	3.500	55.000
	+20 38 54.2421	+42 19 3.57548	-8446.95 mas	-18533.3 mas	81.659355	0.549602		9	9	DR 21-W				-5	8 (2)	3.700	2.600	123.000
	+20 38 54.4594	+42 19 10.8878	-5187.7 mas	-11221 mas	81.661375	0.550305		10	10	DR 21-W				-4.5	9 (2)	5.600	4.100	135.000
	+20 38 55.7218	+42 19 35.2589	13749.2 mas	13150.1 mas	81.669115	0.551334		11	11	DR 21-W				-3.9	10 (4)	3.600	3.200	96.000

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DSS colored 2MASS colored WISE colored SDSS color IRAC color I1,I2,I4 GLIMPSE 360 PACS color (70-160 um) SPIRE color (250-500 um) NVSS (1.4GHz) ATLASGAL 870 um ATLASGAL 870 um + Planck Bolocam 1.1 mm UKIDSS K Download UKIDSS K FITS 2MASS K Download 2MASS K FITS